Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
(1) The protozoans, minute, aquatic creatures each of which consists of a single cell of protoplasm, constitute a classification of the most primitive forms of animal life. They are fantastically diverse, but three major groups may be identified on the basis of their motility. The Mastigophora have one or more long tails, which they use to project themselves forward. The Ciliata, which use the same basic means for locomotion as the Mastigophora, have a larger number of short tails. The Sarcodina, which include amoebae, float or row themselves about on their crusted bodies.
(2) In addition to their form of movement, several other features discriminate among the three groups of protozoans. For example, at least two nuclei per cell have been identified in the Ciliata, usually a large nucleus that regulates growth but decomposes during reproduction, and a smaller one that contains the genetic code necessary to generate the large nucleus.
(3) Protozoans are considered animals because, unlike pigmented plants to which some protozoans are otherwise almost identical, they do not live on simple organic compounds. Their cell demonstrates all of the major characteristics of the cells of higher animals.
(4) Many species of protozoans collect into colonies, physically connected to each other and responding uniformly to outside stimulate. Current research into this phenomenon, along with investigations carried out with advanced microscopes may necessitate a redefinition of what constitutes protozoans, even calling into question the basic premise that they have only one cell. Nevertheless, with the current data available, almost 40,000 species of protozoans have been identified. No doubt, as the technology improves our methods of observation, better models of classification will be proposed.
Why are protozoans classified as animals?
(A) They do not live on simple organic compounds.
(B) They collect in colonies
(C) They respond uniformly to outside stimulate.
(D) They may have more than one cell.
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Đáp án A
(1) Protozoans are considered animals because, unlike pigmented plants to which some protozoans are otherwise almost identical, they do not live on simple organic compounds
Dịch bài
(1) Sinh vật đơn bào, loài sinh vật nhỏ, sống trong nước, với mỗi cá thểbao gồm một tế bào duy nhất gồm chất nguyên sinh, tạo thành một nhóm các loài sinh vật nguyên thủy nhất trong thế giới động vật. Chúng rất đa dạng, nhưng nhìn chung có thể chia thành 3 nhóm dựa trên cơ chế di chuyển. Nhóm Mastigophora có một hoặc nhiều đuôi dài, giúp đẩy cơ thể về phía trước. Nhóm Ciliata, có cùng cơ chế vận động như Mastigophora, nhưng nhiều đuôi ngắn hơn. Nhóm Sarcodina, bao gồm trùng amip, trôi nổi hoặc di chuyển trong nước bằng chính cơ thể có lớp bảo vệ bên ngoài của mình
(2) Ngoài hình thức di chuyển, có một số các đặc điểm khác giúp phân biệt 3 nhóm sinh vật đơn bào. Ví dụ, nhóm Ciliata có ít nhất 2 nhân mỗi tế bào, thường một nhân lớn quy định đặc điểm tăng trưởng nhưng phân hủy trong quá trình sinh sản, và một nhân nhỏ hơn có chứa mã di truyền cần thiết để tạo ra nhân lớn.
(3) Sinh vật đơn bào được coi là động vật bởi vì, không giống thực vật có sắc tố mà một số loài sinh vật đơn bào giống y hệt, chúng không sống bằng các hợp chất hữu cơ đơn giản. Tế bào của chúng thể hiện tất cả các đặc điểm chính của tế bào ở động vật bậc cao.
(4) Nhiều loài sinh vật đơn bào tập hợp các cá thể lại với nhau, gọi là các “tập đoàn trùng roi” với mối liên kết chặt chẽ của các bộ phận và phản ứng đồng nhất với kích thích từ bên ngoài. Những nghiên cứu gần đây về hiện tượng này, cùng với những quan sát bằng kính hiển vi cao cấp có lẽ sẽ buộc chúng ta phải định nghĩa lại thế nào là sinh vật đơn bảo, thậm chí phải xem lại định nghĩa cơ bản nhất rằng chúng có thực sự có 1 tế bào hay không. Dù vậy, với các dữ liệu hiện có, các nhà khoa học đã xác định được khoảng 40,000 loại sinh vật đơn bào. Chắc chắn, khi các phương thức quan sát của chúng ta được cải thiện nhờ công nghệ, sẽ có thêm nhiều các mô hình phân loại ưu việt hơn được đưa ra.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined ones.
He seems to make the same mistake over and over again.
Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
(1) Interest is the sum charged for borrowing money for a fixed period of time. Principal is the term used for the money that is borrowed, and the rate of interest is the percent per year of the principal charged for its use. Most of the profits for a bank are derived from the interest that they charge for the use of their own or their depositor’s money.
(2) All problems in interest may be solved by using one general equation that may be stated as follows:
Interest = Principal X Rate X Time
(3) Any one of the four quantities – that is, interest, principal, rate, or time – may be found when the other three are known. The time is expressed in years. The rate is expressed as a decimal fraction. Thus, 6 percent interest means six cents charged for the use of $1 of principal borrowed for one year. Although the time may be less than, equal to, or greater than one year, most applications for loans are for periods of less than one year. For purpose of computing interest for short periods, the commercial year or 360 days is commonly used, but when large sums of money are involved, exact interest is computed on the basis of 365 days.
Which of the following would be a correct expression of an interest rate as stated in the equation for computing interest?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Let’s meet outside the theatre.
………………….
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined ones.
In the final match between Liverpool and Manchester United, viewers witnessed the deadly strike’s 11th goal of the season.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions:
If your mobile phone ………………… to get water in it, it’ll stop working.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions:
Does Mr.Ba bring his farm……………. to the local market every day?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
That inventors in the stock market enjoys (A) increases and suffer declines (B) is simply a fact of the financial market, and a small inventor is not too excited about the former (C) or crestfallen (D) about the latter.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions:
The more challenging the exercises are,……………….we feel
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions:
It’s a good idea in theory, but it’s going to be hard to put it into ………………….
Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
(1) Interest is the sum charged for borrowing money for a fixed period of time. Principal is the term used for the money that is borrowed, and the rate of interest is the percent per year of the principal charged for its use. Most of the profits for a bank are derived from the interest that they charge for the use of their own or their depositor’s money.
(2) All problems in interest may be solved by using one general equation that may be stated as follows:
Interest = Principal X Rate X Time
(3) Any one of the four quantities – that is, interest, principal, rate, or time – may be found when the other three are known. The time is expressed in years. The rate is expressed as a decimal fraction. Thus, 6 percent interest means six cents charged for the use of $1 of principal borrowed for one year. Although the time may be less than, equal to, or greater than one year, most applications for loans are for periods of less than one year. For purpose of computing interest for short periods, the commercial year or 360 days is commonly used, but when large sums of money are involved, exact interest is computed on the basis of 365 days.
The word “fixed” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Customer: …………………..
Salesman: It’s over there, next to the dry fruit section.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate sentence that is similar in meaning to the given one
"Leave my house now or I'll call the police!" shouted the lady to the man.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
The attribution (A) of human characteristics to animals or inanimate objects appears (B) in the mythologies of many cultures (C) is a literary device called (D) anthropomorphism
