Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 29 to 33
In the world today, particularly in the two most industrialized areas, North America and Europe, recycling is big news. People are talking about it, practicing it, and discovering new ways to be sensitive to the environment. Recycling means finding was to use products a second time. The motto of the recycling movement is "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle". The first step is to reduce garbage. In stores, a shopper has to buy products in blister packs, boxes and expensive plastic wrappings. A hamburger from a fast food restaurant comes in lots of packaging. usually paper, a box, and a bag. All that packaging is wasted resources. People should try to buy things that are wrapped simply, and to reuse cups and utensils. Another way to reduce waste is to buy high-quality products. When low quality appliances break, many customers throw them away and buy new ones - a loss of more resources and more energy. For example, if a customer buys a high-quality appliance that can be easily repaired, the manufacturer receives an important message. In the same way, if a customer chooses a product with less packaging, that customer sends an important message to the manufacturers. To reduce garbage, the throwaway must stop.
The second step is to reuse. It is better to buy juices and soft drinks in returnable bottles. After customers empty the bottles, they return them to the store. The manufacturers of the drinks collect the bottles, wash them, and then fill them again. The energy that is necessary to make new bottles is saved. In some parts of the world, returning bottles for money is a common practice. In those places, the garbage dumps have relatively little glass and plastic from throwaway bottles.
The third step is being environmentally sensitive is to recycle. Spent motor oil can be cleaned and used again. Aluminum cans are expensive to make. It takes the same amount of energy to make one aluminum can as it does to run a color TV set for three hours. When people collect and recycle aluminum (for new cans), they help save one of the world's precious resources.
What is the main topic of the passage?
A. How to reduce garbage disposal
B. What people often understand about the term 'recycle’
C. What is involved in the recycling movement
D. How to live sensitively to the environment
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Chọn C
Chủ đề chính của đoạn văn là:
A. Làm thế nào để giảm lượng rác thải được thải ra
B. Mọi người thường hiểu về từ “tái chế” như thế nào
C. Những gì diễn ra trong chu trình tái chế
D. Làm thế nào để sống tốt hơn với môi trường thiên nhiên
Trên thế giới ngày nay, đặc biệt là ở hai khu vực công nghiệp hóa nhất, Bắc Mỹ và Châu Âu, tái chế là một vấn đề lớn. Mọi người đều nói về nó, thực hành nó và tìm cách thân thiện với môi trường. Tái chế nghĩa là sử dụng sản phẩm lần thứ hai. Phương châm của phong trào tái chế là "Giảm thiểu, tái sử dụng, tái chế". Bước đầu tiên là giảm rác thải. Trong các cửa hàng, người mua sắm phải mua các sản phẩm trong vỉ, hộp và bao bì bằng nhựa đắt tiền. Một chiếc bánh hamburger từ một nhà hàng thức ăn nhanh có rất nhiều bao bì, thường là giấy, một cái hộp và một cái túi. Tất cả bao bì đó là tài nguyên lãng phí. Những người mua nên cố gắng mua những thứ được bọc đơn giản, và sử dụng lại chén và đồ dùng. Cách khác để giảm chất thải là mua các sản phẩm chất lượng cao. Khi thiết bị chất lượng thấp bị hỏng, nhiều khách hàng vứt chúng đi và mua những thứ mới - mất nhiều tài nguyên hơn và nhiều năng lượng hơn. Ví dụ: nếu khách hàng mua một thiết bị chất lượng cao có thể dễ dàng được sửa chữa, nhà sản xuất nhận được một thông điệp quan trọng. Cũng như vậy, nếu khách hàng chọn sản phẩm có ít bao bì hơn, khách hàng đó sẽ gửi một thông điệp quan trọng tới nhà sản xuất. Để giảm rác thải, ta phải dừng việc lãng phí.
Bước thứ hai là sử dụng lại. Nên mua nước trái cây và nước giải khát trong chai có thể tái sử dụng. Sau khi khách hàng dùng hết chai, họ trả lại cho cửa hàng. Các nhà sản xuất của đồ uống thu thập các chai, rửa chúng, và sau đó đổ đầy chúng một lần nữa. Năng lượng cần thiết để làm cho chai mới đều được bảo lưu. Ở một số nơi trên thế giới, trả lại chai để tiết kiệm tiền là một thực tế phổ biến. Ở những nơi đó, các bãi rác có ít chai thủy tinh và nhựa.
Bước thứ ba là tái chế. Dầu động cơ đã qua sử dụng có thể được làm sạch và sử dụng lại. Lon nhôm rất tốn kém để thực hiện tái chế. Phải mất cùng một lượng năng lượng để làm một lon nhôm mới với chạy TV màu trong ba giờ. Khi mọi người thu thập và tái chế nhôm (cho các lon mới), họ đã giúp tiết kiệm một trong những nguồn tài nguyên quý giá của thế giới.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 28.
If you're an environmentalist, plastic is a word you tend to say with a sneer or a snarl. It has become a symbol of our wasteful, throw-away society. But there seems little doubt it is here to stay, and the truth is, of course, that plastic has brought enormous (23)__________, even environmental ones. It’s not really the plastics themselves that are the evil ─ it's the way society chooses to use and (24)__________ them.
Almost all the 50 or so different kinds of modern plastic are made from oil, gas or coal ─ non-renewable natural (25)__________.We (26)__________ well over three million tones of the stuff in Britain each year and, sooner or later, most of it is thrown away. A high (27)__________ of our annual consumption is in the form of packaging, and this (28)__________ about seven percent by weight of our domestic refuse.
Điền vào ô 25
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 34 to 40.
An air pollutant is defined as a compound added directly or indirectly by humans to the atmosphere in such quantities as to affect humans, animals, vegetation, or materials adversely. Air pollution requires a very flexible definition that permits continuous change. When the first air pollution laws were established in England in the fourteenth century, air pollutants were limited to compounds that could be seen or smelled - a far cry from the extensive list of harmful substances known today. As technology has developed and knowledge of the health aspects of various chemicals has increased, the list of air pollutants has lengthened. In the future, even water vapor might be considered an air pollutant under certain conditions.
Many of the more important air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides, are found in nature. As the Earth developed, the concentration of these pollutants was altered by various chemical reactions; they became components in biogeochemical cycles. These serve as an air purification scheme by allowing the compounds to move from the air to the water or soil. On a global basis, nature's output of these compounds dwarfs that resulting from human activities.
However, human production usually occurs in a localized area, such as a city. In such a region, human output may be dominant and may temporarily overload the natural purification scheme of the cycles. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities. The actual concentration need not be large for a substance to be a pollutant; in fact, the numerical value tells us little until we know how much of an increase this represents over the concentration that would occur naturally in the area. For example, sulfur dioxide has detectable health effects at 0.08 parts per million (ppm), which is about 400 times its natural level. Carbon monoxide, however, has a natural level of 0.1 ppm and is not usually a pollutant until its level reaches about 15 ppm.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 28.
If you're an environmentalist, plastic is a word you tend to say with a sneer or a snarl. It has become a symbol of our wasteful, throw-away society. But there seems little doubt it is here to stay, and the truth is, of course, that plastic has brought enormous (23)__________, even environmental ones. It’s not really the plastics themselves that are the evil ─ it's the way society chooses to use and (24)__________ them.
Almost all the 50 or so different kinds of modern plastic are made from oil, gas or coal ─ non-renewable natural (25)__________.We (26)__________ well over three million tones of the stuff in Britain each year and, sooner or later, most of it is thrown away. A high (27)__________ of our annual consumption is in the form of packaging, and this (28)__________ about seven percent by weight of our domestic refuse.
Điền vào ô 26
The man ______ on the chair behind me kept talking during the film, ______ really annoyed me
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 28.
If you're an environmentalist, plastic is a word you tend to say with a sneer or a snarl. It has become a symbol of our wasteful, throw-away society. But there seems little doubt it is here to stay, and the truth is, of course, that plastic has brought enormous (23)__________, even environmental ones. It’s not really the plastics themselves that are the evil ─ it's the way society chooses to use and (24)__________ them.
Almost all the 50 or so different kinds of modern plastic are made from oil, gas or coal ─ non-renewable natural (25)__________.We (26)__________ well over three million tones of the stuff in Britain each year and, sooner or later, most of it is thrown away. A high (27)__________ of our annual consumption is in the form of packaging, and this (28)__________ about seven percent by weight of our domestic refuse.
Điền vào ô 28
