Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
The history of clinic nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizers food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate protein associate with certain foods.
The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called "the vitamin period". Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, en deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At the point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.
In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950's to mid-1960's, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamins sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions that when applied to long-term problems of nutrition that lead chronic health problem.
Why did vitamins therapy begin losing favour in the 1950's?
A. The public lost interest in vitamins.
B. Medical schools stopped teaching nutritional concepts
C. Nutritional research was of poor quality.
D. Claims for the effectiveness of vitamin therapy were seen to be exaggerated
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án D
"Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control… that lead to chronic health problems"
Dịch: Những sự mong đợi thành công về việc vitamin có thể kiểm soát bệnh tật đã đi quá đà. Như đã biết trong quá khứ, liệu pháp trị bệnh bằng vitamin và chất khoáng thì ít có hiệu quả hơn khi áp dụng với tình trạng khủng hoảng sức khỏe so với khi áp dụng cho vấn đề về dinh dưỡng lâu dài mà điều này dẫn đến các vấn đề sức khỏe kinh niên
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in the each of following questions.
The head teacher emphasized the need for fairness and equality between the teachers of the school.
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Look, will you stop ________ in and let me finish my sentence?
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Rose is not confident enough to enter a beautiful contest.
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For eras, musics have performed string violins, which (produce sounds from the vibration of the strings
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We really respect our teacher ________ her good teaching method
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
The gentleman wanted to get some fresh air in the chamber. He opened the window
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________ Rose likes to do something that she has never done before
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It's too loud here. I would really like to go somewhere ________ so that we can talk
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
"________." - "Never mind, better luck next time."
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The request was so great that they had to reprint the manuscript instantly
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At school, please concentrate on what the teacher is saying or asking you
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Plants and animals will find it difficult to escape from or adjust to the effect of global warming. Scientists have already observed shifts in the lifecycles of many plants and animals, such as flowers blooming earlier and birds hatching earlier in the spring. Many species have begun shifting where they live or their annual migration patterns due to warmer temperatures.
With further warming, animals will tend to migrate toward the poles and up mountainsides toward higher elevations. Plants will also attempt to shift their rangers, seeking new areas as old habitats grow too warm. In many places, however, human development will prevent these shifts. Species that find cities of farmland blocking their way north or south may become extinct. Species living in unique ecosystems, such as those found in polar and mountaintop regions, are especially at risk because migration to new habitats is not possible. For instance, polar bears and marine mammals in the Arctic are already threatened by dwindling sea ice but have nowhere father to go.
Projecting species extinction due to global warming is extremely difficult. Some scientists have estimated that 20 to 50 percent of species could be committed to extinction with 2 to 3 Celsius degrees of further warming. The rate of warming, not just the magnitude, is extremely important for plants and animals. Some species and even entire ecosystems, such as certain types of forest, many not be able to adjust quickly enough and may disappear.
Ocean ecosystems, especially fragile ones like coral reefs, will also be affected by global warming. Warmer ocean temperatures can cause coral to "bleach", a state which if prolonged will lead to the death of the coral. Scientists estimate that even 1 Celsius degree of additional warming could lead to widespread bleaching and death of coral reefs around the world. Also, increasing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere enters the ocean and increases the acidity of ocean waters. This acidification further stresses ocean ecosystems.
The pronoun "those" in paragraph 2 refers to ________.
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One man ________ outside his own nation is tipped to become the new President
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My workmate said to me, "If I were you, I would tell them the reality
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
