Read the following passage and mark the letter (A, B, C or D) on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each for the questions.
Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet. Psychologists who study optimization compare the actual decisions made by people to theoretical ideal decisions to see how similar they are. Proponents of the worksheet procedure believe that it will yield optimal, that is, the best decisions. Although there are several variations on the exact format that worksheets can take, they are all similar in their essential aspects.
Worksheets require defining the problem in a clear and concise way and then listing all possible solutions to the problem. Next, the pertinent considerations that will be affected by each decision are listed, and the relative importance of each consideration or consequence is determined. Each consideration is assigned a numerical value to reflect its relative importance. A decision is mathematically calculated by adding these values together. The alternative with the highest number of points emerges as the best decision.
Since most important problems are multifaceted, there are several alternatives to choose from, each with unique advantages and disadvantages. One of the benefits of a pencil and paper decision-making procedure is that it permits people to deal with more variables than their minds can generally comprehend and remember. On the average, people can keep about seven ideas in their minds at once. A worksheet can be especially useful when the decision involves a large number of variables with complex relationships. A realistic example for many college students is the question “What will I do after graduation?” A graduate might seek a position that offers specialized training, pursue an advanced degree, or travel abroad for a year.
A decision-making worksheet begins with a succinct statement of the problem that will also help to narrow it. It is important to be clear about the distinction between long-range and immediate goals because long-range goals often involve a different decision from short-range ones. Focusing on long-range goals, a graduating student might revise the question above to “What will I do after graduation that will lead to a successful career?”
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. A tool to assist in making complex decisions
B. A comparison of actual decisions and ideal decisions
C. Research on how people make decisions
D. Differences between long-range and short-range decision making
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án là A.
Bài đọc chủ yếu thảo luận về cái gì?
A. Một công cụ hỗ trợ đưa ra những quyết định phức tạp.
B. Sự so sánh giữa những quyết định thực tế và những quyết định lý tưởng.
C. Nghiên cứu con người đưa ra quyết định như thế nào.
D. Sự khác nhau giữa đưa ra quyết định trong phạm vi ngắn và dài.
Dẫn chứng: Researchers in the field of psychology have found that one of the best ways to make an important decision, such as choosing a university to attend or a business to invest in, involves the utilization of a decision worksheet
Read the passages and the questions or unfinished sentences. Then choose the answer (A, B, C or D) that you think fits best.
THE VIDEO LOGGERS
One rather unlike word that has recently entered the language is “blog”, a shortened form of “web log”. A blog is a diary on the Internet by the person writing it – the “blogger” – who presumably expect other people to read it. Modern technology is being used to (31)________new life into such an old-fashioned form as the personal journal. And now, as the technology behind video camera is making them easier to use, we have the video log, or “vlog”. Vlogging does not require (32)________sophisticated equipment: a digital video camera, a high-speed Internet connection and a host are all that is needed. Vloggers can put anything that takes their fancy onto their personal web site. Some vloggers have no ambition (33)________than to show films they have shot while on holiday in exotic places. However, vlogs can also serve more ambitious purposes. For instance, amateur film-makers who want to make a (34)________for themselves might publish their work on the Internet, eager to receive advice or criticism. And increasingly, vlogs are being used to publicize political and social issues that are not noteworthy enough to earn coverage by the mass media. It is still too early to predict whether vlogging will ever (35)________off in a major way or if it is just a passing fad, but its potential is only now becoming apparent
Điền vào ô số 35
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
What _________at 10 o’clock last night?
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
That smoking has a bad effect on our health has been proved
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
It’s the first time I’ve been to a flower show
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
A young tourist has been declared _________after he got lost in the mountains last Monday
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
The woman looked _________the photos carefully to identify the pickpocket, but there were so many that it was soon hard to distinguish one_________another
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
His comment bears little relation to the topic
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
At _________time did I ever promise you a pay rise
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
Greg has, to all intents and _________, finished his degree course, with the exception of his final dissertation
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
A pet could_________a very special purpose in our life, as a companion
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
Derek was wearing _________at the party
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
The young man objects _________to do all the work himself
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to show the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Tim is different from John in that the first is smart and the latter rather unintelligent
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word (s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word (s) in the following question.
In about one-third of all cases of hepatitis B, it is unknown how the patient contracted the virus
Mark the better A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word from the four words or phrases (A, B, C or D) choose the one that best completes the sentence
Their army invaded the neighbouring country’s _________
