Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34.
The history of clinical nutrition, or the study of the relationship between health and how the body takes in and utilizes food substances, can be divided into four distinct eras: the first began in the nineteenth century and extended into the early twentieth century when it was recognized for the first time that food contained constituents that were essential for human function and that different foods provided different amounts of these essential agents. Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.
The second era was initiated in the early decades of the twentieth century and might be called “the vitamin period”. Vitamins came to be recognized in foods, and deficiency syndromes were described. As vitamins became recognized as essential food constituents necessary for health, it became tempting to suggest that every disease and condition for which there had been no previous effective treatment might be responsive to vitamin therapy. At that point in time, medical schools started to become more interested in having their curricula integrate nutritional concepts into the basic sciences. Much of the focus of this education was on the recognition of vitamin deficiency symptoms. Herein lay the beginning of what ultimately turned from ignorance to denial of the value of nutritional therapies in medicine. Reckless claims were made for effects of vitamins that went far beyond what could actually be achieved from the use of them.
In the third era of nutritional history in the early 1950s to mid-1960s, vitamin therapy began to fall into disrepute. Concomitant with this, nutrition education in medical schools also became less popular. It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions. Expectations as to the success of vitamins in disease control were exaggerated. As is known in retrospect, vitamin and mineral therapies are much less effective when applied to health-crisis conditions than when applied to long-term problems of under nutrition that lead to chronic health problems.
It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following discoveries was made during the first era in the history of nutrition?
A. Protein was recognized as an essential component of diet.
B. Vitamins were synthesized from foods.
C. Effective techniques of weight loss were determined.
D. Certain foods were found to be harmful to good health.
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Chọn A.
Đáp án A.
Dịch câu hỏi: Có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn những phát hieienj nào sau đây được thực hiện trong kỷ nguyên đầu tiên trong lịch sử dinh dưỡng?
A. Protein được công nhận là một thành phần thiết yếu của chế độ ăn uống.
B. Vitamin được tổng hợp từ thực phẩm.
C. Các kỹ thuật giảm cân hiệu quả đã được xác định.
D. Một số loại thực phẩm được phát hiện là có hại cho sức khỏe.
Câu cuối đoạn 1: “Near the end of this era, research studies demonstrated that rapid weight loss was associated with nitrogen imbalance and could only be rectified by providing adequate dietary protein associated with certain foods.”
(Gần cuối kỷ nguyên này, các nghiên cứu đã chứng minh rằng giảm cân nhanh có liên quan đến mất cân bằng nitơ và chỉ có thể được khắc phục bằng cách cung cấp đầy đủ protein trong chế độ ăn uống liên quan đến một số loại thực phẩm.)
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The internship in this company ______an influence on him for the rest of his life.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
The fire was brought under control thanks to the night watchman.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Don’t take any ______ of Mike. He’s always rude to everyone.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
She smelt something ______ and saw smoke __________.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Most developing countries are in ________ of capital and technical assistance.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
“I am sorry, I forgot our appointment yesterday,” said Jean to the dentist.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following exchanges.
“I have a terrible headache.” “________”
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
_____ to Jim myself, I can’t really tell you why he would say such terrible things.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
She doesn’t work _______ as my sister.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. Fill in the appropriate word in question 28
MAKING THE MOST OF YOUR TIME
These days we are under pressure to increase the amount of work we can achieve in the shortest time. The pace of life threatens to leave many of us behind, and (25)_____ of this pressure we spend time looking for short-cuts in our working lives. However, these time-saving measures may actually cause more problems than they solve.
Some organisations seem to expect staff to work more than the usual eight hours, without recognising the fact that tiredness causes people to make silly mistakes and leads to (26) _______ working practices. Try setting clear (27) ______in your everyday work, however, you must be careful that these are not unrealistic and can be achieved within the working day. We tend to (28)______people who can multi-task because we think they are working hard – but do all the electronic gadgets they use increase their efficiency in the long run? Instead, they may distract them from the task in hand and cause a loss of concentration. Maybe (29) ________ with every email or mobile phone call immediately is not the best use of anyone’s time. To sum up, my advice is to keep everything simple, and prioritise tasks - you will become happier at work – and so will your boss!
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Has anyone come _______ a better solution to this problem?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
My wife is always _______ when she has a problem at work and becomes angry at me for no reason at all.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
About 8,000 years ago, people began using animals to carry themselves and their belongings
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Living in New York, apartments cost more to rent than they do in other smaller cities.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
If it rains this weekend, we ____________ camping.
