Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
A fold culture is small, isolated, cohesive, conservative, nearly self-sufficient group that is homogeneous in custom and race, with a strong family or clan structure and highly developed rituals. Order is maintained through sanctions based in the religion or family, and interpersonal relationships are strong. Tradition is paramount, and change comes infrequently and slowly. There is relatively little division of labor into specialized duties. Rather, each person is expected to perform a great variety of tasks, though duties may differ between the sexes. Most goods are handmade, and a subsistence economy prevails. Individualism is weakly developed in folk cultures, as are social classes. Unaltered folk cultures no longer exist in industrialized countries such as the United States and Canada. Perhaps the nearest modern equivalent in Anglo-America is the Amish, a German American farming sect that largely renounces the products and labor saving devices of the industrial age. In Amish areas, horse-drawn buggies till serve as a local transportation device, and the faithful are not permitted to own automobiles. The Amish's central religious concept of Demut, “humility”, clearly reflects the weakness of individualism and social class so typical of folk cultures, and there is a corresponding strength of Amish group identity. Rarely do the Amish marry outside their sect. The religion, a variety of the Mennonite faith, provides the principal mechanism for maintaining order.
By contrast, a popular culture is a large heterogeneous group, often highly individualistic and constantly changing. Relationships tend to be impersonal, and a pronounced division of labor exists, leading to the establishment of many specialized professions. Secular institutions, of control such as the police and army take the place of religion and family in maintaining order, and a money-based economy prevails. Because of these contrasts, “popular” may be viewed as clearly different from “folk”. The popular is replacing the folk in industrialized countries and in many developing nations, Folk- made objects give way to their popular equivalent, usually because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply produced, is easier or time saving to use, or lends more prestige to the owner.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Two decades in modern society
B. The specialization of labor in Canada and the United States
C. The influence of industrial technology
D. The characteristics of “folk” and “popular” societies
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án D.
Dịch câu hỏi: Bài viết chủ yếu bàn luận về vấn đề gì?
A. Hai thế kỉ ở xã hội hiện đại
B. Chuyên môn hóa lao động ở Canada và Mỹ
C. Ảnh hưởng của công nghệ công nghiệp
D. Đặc trưng của xã hội dân gian và xã hội đại chúng
Bố cục bài viết chia làm 2 phần rõ rệt, phần đầu nói riêng về folk culture và phần hai nói về popular culture.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
She got up late and rushed to the bus stop.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
With the development of (A) the Internet and the World Wide Web, businessmen (B) do not scarcely have (C) as much traveling as they used to (D).
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The storm gradually decreased in ______ as it came close to the coast.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The film was so ______ that, even though I tried not to, I ended up crying.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
She nearly lost her own life in a(n) _____ to save the child from drowning.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
_____ not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 29
A healthy way to know a city Maybe you are staying in a city, and there is no park nearby where you can take your morning job. One of the more recent trend is to go on a running tour, but you are not leading the way. Rather, a running enthusiast (25) _____ knows the best (26) ______ in the city acts as your guide. You are going out for a run, but you are also being shown highlights of the city while you are doing it.
Guided running tours are a trend that seems to be catching (27) ______ in quite a few of the bigger cities in the United States. New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco are just three of the major cities that have running tours in (28) ________. They offer these tours to individuals, groups, and even for corporate events. If you are going into a city with colleagues to attend a business meeting or a convention, what better way is there to see the city and network with others (29)_________ while taking a healthy run?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Tom writes French as well as he speaks it.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
He spent part of _____ afternoon telling them ____ news he could not tell them by telephone.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
The______ north we go, the less likely we are to meet high temperatures.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option that best completes each of the following exchanges.
“How about a small present for little Tom after his performance?”
“______________________”
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
My cousin obviously didn’t_________ much of an impression on you if can’t remember meeting her.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 25
A healthy way to know a city Maybe you are staying in a city, and there is no park nearby where you can take your morning job. One of the more recent trend is to go on a running tour, but you are not leading the way. Rather, a running enthusiast (25) _____ knows the best (26) ______ in the city acts as your guide. You are going out for a run, but you are also being shown highlights of the city while you are doing it.
Guided running tours are a trend that seems to be catching (27) ______ in quite a few of the bigger cities in the United States. New York City, Chicago, and San Francisco are just three of the major cities that have running tours in (28) ________. They offer these tours to individuals, groups, and even for corporate events. If you are going into a city with colleagues to attend a business meeting or a convention, what better way is there to see the city and network with others (29)_________ while taking a healthy run?
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Little he knows (A) about (B) the surprise that (C) awaited (D) him when he arrived there.
