Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

      New Zealand is a small country of four million inhabitants, a long-haul flight from all the major tourist-generating markets of the world. Tourism currently makes up 9% of the country's gross domestic product and is the country's largest export sector. Unlike other export sectors, which make products and then sell them overseas, tourism brings its customers to New Zealand. The product is the country itself the people, the places, and the experiences. In 1999, Tourism New Zealand launched a campaign to communicate a new brand position to the world. The campaign focused on New Zealand's scenic beauty, exhilarating outdoor activities and authentic Maori culture, and it made New Zealand one of the strongest national brands in the world. 

      A key feature of the campaign was the website www.newzealand.com, which provided potential visitors to New Zealand with a single gateway to everything the destination had to offer. The heart of the website was a database of tourism services operators, both those based in New Zealand and those based abroad which offered tourism service to the country. Any tourism-related business could be listed by filling in a simple form. This meant that even the smallest bed and breakfast address or specialist activity provider could gain a web presence with access to an audience of long-haul visitors. In addition, because participating businesses were able to update the details they gave on a regular basis, the information provided remained accurate. And to maintain and improve standards, Tourism New Zealand organised a scheme whereby organisations appearing on the website underwent an independent evaluation against a set of agreed national standards of quality. As part of this, the effect of each business on the environment was considered. 

      To communicate the New Zealand experience, the site also carried features relating to famous people and places. One of the most popular was an interview with former New Zealand All Blacks rugby captain Tana Umaga. Another feature that attracted a lot of attention was an interactive journey through a number of the locations chosen for blockbuster films which had made use of New Zealand's stunning scenery as a backdrop. As the site developed, additional features were added to help independent travelers devise their own customised itineraries. 

(Adapted from Cambridge IELTS 13)

The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to _________.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

      People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have negative effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-esteem or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been yelled at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad impression of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive. 

      Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main cause of too much aggression in children's sports. They believe children copy aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further reinforced through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that winning is everything. At children's sporting events, parents may yell insults at other players or cheer when their child behaves aggressively. As well, children may be taught that hurting other players is acceptable or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured. In addition, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television. 

      As a society, we really need to face up to this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better values. They should teach children to enjoy themselves whether they win or not. It's not necessary to knock yourself out to enjoys sports. Winning isn't everything. In addition, children shouldn't be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. Sending a child with an injury into a game gives the child the message that health isn't as important as winning. If we make some basic changes, children might learn to enjoy sports again. 

(Adapted from Reading Challenge 2 by Casep Ma/archer and Andrea Jansen)

How many children said they had some negative experience when playing sports?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

      People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have negative effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-esteem or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been yelled at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad impression of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive. 

      Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main cause of too much aggression in children's sports. They believe children copy aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further reinforced through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that winning is everything. At children's sporting events, parents may yell insults at other players or cheer when their child behaves aggressively. As well, children may be taught that hurting other players is acceptable or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured. In addition, the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television. 

      As a society, we really need to face up to this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better values. They should teach children to enjoy themselves whether they win or not. It's not necessary to knock yourself out to enjoys sports. Winning isn't everything. In addition, children shouldn't be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. Sending a child with an injury into a game gives the child the message that health isn't as important as winning. If we make some basic changes, children might learn to enjoy sports again. 

(Adapted from Reading Challenge 2 by Casep Ma/archer and Andrea Jansen)

The word "This" in paragraph 1 refers to _________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each other numbered blanks. 

      The idea of going overseas to study can be daunting, with visions of baffling languages or nights spent in isolation while you are gradually forgotten by your friends and family. (31) ________, the benefits of studying abroad - such as broadening your mind, improving your career prospects and making friends from all over the world - can make digging out your passport really rewarding. “Studying abroad is an eye-opening experience," says Anna Boyd, event manager at The Student World. “Being (32) ________ in another culture, understanding differences and spotting similarities, living on a beach or in the mountains, (33) ________ will have an impact on every student.” 

      Overseas study comes in many shapes and sizes. It might be a single semester abroad via an Erasmus program for example. Or you might elect to follow a full three- or four-year degree program. Whatever your ambition is, the key is starting early. Some countries require specific combinations of A-levels from UK students. Germany looks for four A-levels including maths or science and one modern foreign language, for instance, while others, such as the US, value extracurricular activities. Starting our research well ahead (34)_______ time can help you make the right choices. “Getting involved in sports, arts and music is also worth considering, as well as gaining experience through volunteering and work placements,” says Boyd. In fact, applying to study abroad could even work to your advantage, for example, you might encounter lower (35) ______ requirements. 

(Adapted from https://wwwindependent.caukistudent/study-abroad)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on the answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

He was very surprised to be addressed by the Queen. He didn't answer at once.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each other numbered blanks. 

      The idea of going overseas to study can be daunting, with visions of baffling languages or nights spent in isolation while you are gradually forgotten by your friends and family. (31) ________, the benefits of studying abroad - such as broadening your mind, improving your career prospects and making friends from all over the world - can make digging out your passport really rewarding. “Studying abroad is an eye-opening experience," says Anna Boyd, event manager at The Student World. “Being (32) ________ in another culture, understanding differences and spotting similarities, living on a beach or in the mountains, (33) ________ will have an impact on every student.” 

      Overseas study comes in many shapes and sizes. It might be a single semester abroad via an Erasmus program for example. Or you might elect to follow a full three- or four-year degree program. Whatever your ambition is, the key is starting early. Some countries require specific combinations of A-levels from UK students. Germany looks for four A-levels including maths or science and one modern foreign language, for instance, while others, such as the US, value extracurricular activities. Starting our research well ahead (34)_______ time can help you make the right choices. “Getting involved in sports, arts and music is also worth considering, as well as gaining experience through volunteering and work placements,” says Boyd. In fact, applying to study abroad could even work to your advantage, for example, you might encounter lower (35) ______ requirements. 

(Adapted from https://wwwindependent.caukistudent/study-abroad)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to choose the word or phrase that best fits each other numbered blanks. 

      The idea of going overseas to study can be daunting, with visions of baffling languages or nights spent in isolation while you are gradually forgotten by your friends and family. (31) ________, the benefits of studying abroad - such as broadening your mind, improving your career prospects and making friends from all over the world - can make digging out your passport really rewarding. “Studying abroad is an eye-opening experience," says Anna Boyd, event manager at The Student World. “Being (32) ________ in another culture, understanding differences and spotting similarities, living on a beach or in the mountains, (33) ________ will have an impact on every student.” 

      Overseas study comes in many shapes and sizes. It might be a single semester abroad via an Erasmus program for example. Or you might elect to follow a full three- or four-year degree program. Whatever your ambition is, the key is starting early. Some countries require specific combinations of A-levels from UK students. Germany looks for four A-levels including maths or science and one modern foreign language, for instance, while others, such as the US, value extracurricular activities. Starting our research well ahead (34)_______ time can help you make the right choices. “Getting involved in sports, arts and music is also worth considering, as well as gaining experience through volunteering and work placements,” says Boyd. In fact, applying to study abroad could even work to your advantage, for example, you might encounter lower (35) ______ requirements. 

(Adapted from https://wwwindependent.caukistudent/study-abroad)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes the following exchanges.

Mike and David are university students. They are talking about the result of the chemistry test. Select the most suitable response to fill in the blank.

- Mike: "I was worried about the chemistry result, but Mr. Brown gave me an Al"

- David: “________________”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Some methods to prevent soil erosion are plowing parallel with the slopes of hills, to plant trees on unproductive land, and rotating crops.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes the following exchanges.

Two friends are talking about the benefits of volunteering.

- Daisy: "As far as I know, doing charity Work is a really helpful thing for everyone in the society

- Mark: "........................"

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

It was such a _________ concert that even Son Tung MTP's fans couldn't believe it.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

Mr. Young, general manager of the emergency response division of AMSA, said that the debris was spotted along a busy shipping route and could be containers that had fallen off cargo vessels.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

June really liked ________ book that her boyfriend gave her yesterday.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The situation of COVID-19 worldwide is still serious, ____________?

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

The field of Artificial Intelligence research was found at a workshop held on the campus of Dartmouth College during the summer of 1956.