Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42
In the United States, it is important to be on time, or punctual, for an appointment, a class, a meeting, etc... This may not be true in some other countries, however. An American professor discovered this difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 a.m, and end at 12 a.m. On the first day, when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 11 a.m. Although all of the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologised for their lateness. Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.
In American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour. On the other hand, in Brazil, neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour. Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but they also end at the scheduled time. In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at noon, many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions. While arriving late may not be important in Brazil, neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact, Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States, lateness is usually considered to be disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North America, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
As a result for his study, the professor learned that the Brazilian students were not being disrespectful to him. Instead, they were simply behaving the appropriate way for a Brazilian student in Brazil. Eventually, the professor was able to adapt his own behavior to feel comfortable in the new culture.
What is the main idea of this passage?
A. It is not important to be on time in Brazil.
B. People learn the importance of time when they are children.
C. It is important to be on time for class in the United States.
D. The importance of being on time differs among different countries.
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Chọn A
Dịch câu: Không cần thiết phải đúng giờ khi ở Brazil
Các câu khác sai về nghĩa.
Dịch bài
Ở Hoa Kỳ, điều quan trọng là phải đúng giờ, trong một cuộc hẹn, một lớp học, một cuộc họp, v.v ... Tuy nhiên, điều này có thể không đúng ở một số quốc gia khác. Một giáo sư người Mỹ đã phát hiện ra sự khác biệt này khi dạy một lớp học tại một trường đại học ở Brazil. Lớp học kéo dài hai giờ dự kiến bắt đầu lúc 10 giờ sáng và kết thúc lúc 12 giờ sáng. Vào ngày đầu tiên, khi giáo sư đến đúng giờ, không có ai ở trong lớp. Nhiều sinh viên đã đến sau 11 giờ sáng. Mặc dù tất cả các sinh viên chào đón giáo sư khi họ đến, nhưng rất ít người xin lỗi vì sự muộn màng của họ. Những học sinh này có thô lỗ không? Ông ta đã quyết định nghiên cứu hành vi của học sinh ở nước này.
Tại các trường đại học Mỹ, sinh viên luôn đến vào giờ đã hẹn. Mặt khác, ở Brazil, cả giáo viên và học sinh đều không đến đúng giờ hẹn. Các lớp học không chỉ bắt đầu vào thời gian dự kiến ở Hoa Kỳ, mà còn kết thúc vào thời gian dự kiến. Trong lớp học Brazil, chỉ có một vài học sinh rời lớp vào buổi trưa, nhiều người vẫn ở lại sau 12:30 để thảo luận về lớp học và đặt thêm câu hỏi. Mặc dù đến muộn có thể không quan trọng ở Brazil, nhưng họ cũng không ở lại muộn.
Thật khó để giải thích cho những sự khác biệt này. Những người từ các nền văn hóa Brazil và Bắc Mỹ có cảm giác khác nhau về sự trễ giờ. Ở Brazil, các sinh viên tin rằng một người thường đến muộn có lẽ thành công hơn một người luôn luôn đúng giờ. Trên thực tế, người Brazil mong muốn một người có địa vị hoặc uy tín đến muộn, trong khi ở Hoa Kỳ, sự trễ thường được coi là thiếu tôn trọng và không thể chấp nhận được. Do đó, nếu một người Brazil trễ hẹn với Bắc Mỹ, người Mỹ có thể hiểu sai lý do cho sự muộn màng và trở nên tức giận.
Từ kết quả nghiên cứu của mình, giáo sư đã hiểu được rằng các sinh viên Brazil không phải không tôn trọng ông. Thay vào đó, họ chỉ đơn giản là cư xử theo cách thích hợp của một sinh viên Brazi. Cuối cùng, giáo sư đã có thể điều chỉnh hành vi của chính mình để cảm thấy thoải mái trong nền văn hóa mới.
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