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Line (5)           (10)	Jazz has been called “the art of expression set to music”, and “America’s great contribution to music”. It has functioned as popular art and enjoyed periods of fairly widespread public response, in the “jazz age” of the Line 1920s, in the “swing era” of the late 1930s and in the peak popularity of modern jazz in the late 1950s. The standard legend about Jazz is that it originated around the end of the 19th century in New Orleans and moved up the Mississippi River to Memphis, St. Louis, and finally to Chicago. It welded together the elements of Ragtime, marching band music, and the Blues. However, the influences of what led to those early sounds goes back (10)________to tribal African drum beats and European musical structures. Buddy Bolden, a New Orleans barber and cornet player, is generally considered to have been the first real Jazz musician, around 1891.
(15)           (20)	What made Jazz significantly different from the other earlier forms of music was the use of improvisation. Jazz displayed a break from traditional (15)________music where composers wrote an entire piece of music on paper, leaving the musicians to break their backs playing exactly what was written on the score. In a Jazz piece, however, the song is simply a starting point, or sort of skeletal guide for the Jazz musicians to improvise around. Actually, many of the early Jazz musicians were bad sight readers and some couldn’t even read (20)________music at all. Generally speaking, these early musicians couldn’t make very much money and were stuck working menial jobs to make a living. The second wave of New Orleans Jazz musicians included such memorable players as Joe Oliver, Kid Ory, and Jelly Roll Morton. These men formed small bands and took the music of earlier musicians, improved its complexity, and gained greater success. This music is known as “hot Jazz” (25)________due to the enormously fast speeds and rhythmic drive.
(25)	A young cornet player by the name of Louis Armstrong was discovered by Joe Oliver in New Orleans. He soon grew up to become one of the greatest and most successful musicians of all time, and later one of the biggest stars in the world. The impact of Armstrong and other talented early Jazz musicians changed the way we look at music.

Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

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The English horn is an alto oboe with a pitch one-fifth lower than the soprano oboe.

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The word “its” in line 23 refers to________

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Surrounded by forested mountain slopes are the town of Telluride, a former gold mining town 7,500 feet above sea level.

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Today was such beautiful day that I couldn’t bring myself to complete all my chores.

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does Luisa a full-time job and________.

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It was his lack of confidence that surprised me.

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John has a monthly bank________sent to him so that he knows how much there is in his account.

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Recent evidence makes it possible for the investigators to conclude that______ .

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Legend has it that sometime toward the end of the Civil War (1861-1865) a government train carrying oxen traveling through the northern plains of eastern Wyoming was caught in a snowstorm and had to be abandoned. The driver returned the next spring to see what had become of his cargo. Instead of the skeletons he had expected to find, he saw his oxen, living, fat, and healthy. How had they survived?

The answer lay in a resource that unknowing Americans lands trampled underfoot in their haste to cross the “Great American Desert” to reach lands that sometimes proved barren. In the eastern parts of the United States, the preferred grass for forage was a cultivated plant. It grew well with enough rain, then when cut and stored it would cure and become nourishing hay for winter feed. But in the dry grazing lands of the West that familiar bluejoint grass was often killed by drought. To raise cattle out there seemed risky or even hopeless. Who could imagine a fairy-tale grass that required no rain and somehow made it possible for cattle to feed themselves all winter? But the surprising western wild grasses did just that. They had wonderfully convenient features that made them superior to the cultivated eastern grasses. Variously known as buffalo grass, grama grass, or mesquite grass, not only were they immune to drought; but they were actually preserved by the lack of summer and autumn rains. They were not juicy like the cultivated eastern grasses, but had short, hard stems. And they did not need to be cured in a barn, but dried right where they grew on the ground.

When they dried in this way, they remained naturally sweet and nourishing through the winter. Cattle left outdoors to fend for themselves thrived on this hay. And the cattle themselves helped plant the fresh grass year after year for they trampled the natural seeds firmly into the soil to be watered by the melting snows of winter and the occasional rains of spring. The dry summer air cured them much as storing in a barn cured the cultivated grasses.

The word “they” in line 5 refers to________.

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The marathon runner________for nearly one hour and a half when she________to the pavement.

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I'm sure when you've stopped looking for your keys, they'll________up somewhere.

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                                                    THE EARTH GALLERIES
To many people, the word ‘geology’ conjures up rather dull image of lumps of rock in glass cases. People tend to regard geology as an academic subject that you don’t need to know about (56)________you have to study it at school. If you visit te Earth Galleries at London’s Natural history Museum, however, you’ll (57)________that this image couldn’t be further from the truth.

      The aim of the exhibition is not to procedure future geologists, but rather to inspire interest in a subject which is relevant to everyday life. The Earth Galleries turn the traditional idea of geological museum (58)________, literacy because you begin at the top. The central space in the museum is a glass-topped atrium. As you enter, you (59)________up to the top of this by escalator. On the (60)________, the escalator passed through a massive revolving globe, measuring eleven metres (61)________diameter. This represents a planet, not necessarily the Earth. (62)________at the top, you work your way down through the six different exhibitions that (63)________the museum.

      The individual exhibitions explain natural phenomena such as earthquakes and volcanoes as well as looking at the Earth’s energy (64)________and where our most common building (65)__________come from. These exhibitions allow everyone to appreciate the fascination of geology. 
Question 62

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What do you want to do this summer?
I think we should go somewhere________has plenty of sun and sand.

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Alzheimer made the first observers of the telltale signs of the disease that today bears his name.

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Henry was really a silly boy when we were at high school. I still remember very________stupid questions.