Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

OBESITY: SHRINKING THE WORLD'S WAISTLINE

     For most of human history, the majority of the world's population struggled to get enough food. Although starvation is also a big issue in some countries, many nations are now facing the opposite problem - people are consuming too much food. In the past few decades, obesity has become a global concern that physicians around the globe are trying to deal with.  

     Obesity occurs when a person becomes so overweight that their extra weight starts to endanger their health. Many experts believe that the rise of obesity is closely linked to the rise of cheap, high-calorie foods that bring little health benefits. These foods often contain lots of salt, sugar, and fat. But this is not the only reason that people are getting heavier. In addition to poor food choices, people are burning fewer calories because their lives have become lazier and they don't get enough exercise.  

     There is no denying that the statics are alarming. Since 1980, the world's obesity rate has almost doubled. Furthermore, the number of obese people is roughly about equal to the number of people who are underweight. This increasing obesity rate has led to skyrocketing health care costs in several countries. Obesity has been shown to increase the risks of several deadly diseases. This includes heart disease, some forms of cancer, and diabetes.  

     Dealing with obesity has proven to be more difficult than originally anticipated. This is because there are many factors which contribute to people becoming obese. First, if you walk through any supermarket, you will find many more processed foods than fresh ones like fruits and vegetables. Although these processed foods are void of nutrition, they are much cheaper and easier to prepare than fresh foods. Corporate marketing campaigns make things worse, as companies that sell junk foods will spend millions of dollars to convince consumers to buy their foods without mentioning that they are unhealthy.  

          Some people are fighting back obesity though, including the former US First Lady Michelle Obama. She has started an organization called Let's Move that specifically targets childhood obesity. The organization believes in educating students, parents, and educators about how to prepare healthy foods and showing them fun ways to get exercise. Let's Move also works closely with schools to ensure that nutritious and affordable meals are provided in schools, so the process of staying in shape won't be difficult. Although we are a long way from defeating the obesity problem, programs like this one are a good start

Why are countries having so many problems dealing with obesity? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

OBESITY: SHRINKING THE WORLD'S WAISTLINE

     For most of human history, the majority of the world's population struggled to get enough food. Although starvation is also a big issue in some countries, many nations are now facing the opposite problem - people are consuming too much food. In the past few decades, obesity has become a global concern that physicians around the globe are trying to deal with.  

     Obesity occurs when a person becomes so overweight that their extra weight starts to endanger their health. Many experts believe that the rise of obesity is closely linked to the rise of cheap, high-calorie foods that bring little health benefits. These foods often contain lots of salt, sugar, and fat. But this is not the only reason that people are getting heavier. In addition to poor food choices, people are burning fewer calories because their lives have become lazier and they don't get enough exercise.  

     There is no denying that the statics are alarming. Since 1980, the world's obesity rate has almost doubled. Furthermore, the number of obese people is roughly about equal to the number of people who are underweight. This increasing obesity rate has led to skyrocketing health care costs in several countries. Obesity has been shown to increase the risks of several deadly diseases. This includes heart disease, some forms of cancer, and diabetes.  

     Dealing with obesity has proven to be more difficult than originally anticipated. This is because there are many factors which contribute to people becoming obese. First, if you walk through any supermarket, you will find many more processed foods than fresh ones like fruits and vegetables. Although these processed foods are void of nutrition, they are much cheaper and easier to prepare than fresh foods. Corporate marketing campaigns make things worse, as companies that sell junk foods will spend millions of dollars to convince consumers to buy their foods without mentioning that they are unhealthy.  

          Some people are fighting back obesity though, including the former US First Lady Michelle Obama. She has started an organization called Let's Move that specifically targets childhood obesity. The organization believes in educating students, parents, and educators about how to prepare healthy foods and showing them fun ways to get exercise. Let's Move also works closely with schools to ensure that nutritious and affordable meals are provided in schools, so the process of staying in shape won't be difficult. Although we are a long way from defeating the obesity problem, programs like this one are a good start

According to the passage, what is true about starvation?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

OBESITY: SHRINKING THE WORLD'S WAISTLINE

     For most of human history, the majority of the world's population struggled to get enough food. Although starvation is also a big issue in some countries, many nations are now facing the opposite problem - people are consuming too much food. In the past few decades, obesity has become a global concern that physicians around the globe are trying to deal with.  

     Obesity occurs when a person becomes so overweight that their extra weight starts to endanger their health. Many experts believe that the rise of obesity is closely linked to the rise of cheap, high-calorie foods that bring little health benefits. These foods often contain lots of salt, sugar, and fat. But this is not the only reason that people are getting heavier. In addition to poor food choices, people are burning fewer calories because their lives have become lazier and they don't get enough exercise.  

     There is no denying that the statics are alarming. Since 1980, the world's obesity rate has almost doubled. Furthermore, the number of obese people is roughly about equal to the number of people who are underweight. This increasing obesity rate has led to skyrocketing health care costs in several countries. Obesity has been shown to increase the risks of several deadly diseases. This includes heart disease, some forms of cancer, and diabetes.  

     Dealing with obesity has proven to be more difficult than originally anticipated. This is because there are many factors which contribute to people becoming obese. First, if you walk through any supermarket, you will find many more processed foods than fresh ones like fruits and vegetables. Although these processed foods are void of nutrition, they are much cheaper and easier to prepare than fresh foods. Corporate marketing campaigns make things worse, as companies that sell junk foods will spend millions of dollars to convince consumers to buy their foods without mentioning that they are unhealthy.  

          Some people are fighting back obesity though, including the former US First Lady Michelle Obama. She has started an organization called Let's Move that specifically targets childhood obesity. The organization believes in educating students, parents, and educators about how to prepare healthy foods and showing them fun ways to get exercise. Let's Move also works closely with schools to ensure that nutritious and affordable meals are provided in schools, so the process of staying in shape won't be difficult. Although we are a long way from defeating the obesity problem, programs like this one are a good start

What is the passage mainly about?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.  

     Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in, 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time, Vermont and Kentucky had joined the Union. At that time, it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and half-dollars were produced with sixteen stars.  

          As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from 1798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the 1828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only 12 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error

Which of the following can be inferred about the order in which Kentucky, Tennessee, and Vermont joined the Union?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.  

     Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in, 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time, Vermont and Kentucky had joined the Union. At that time, it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and half-dollars were produced with sixteen stars.  

          As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from 1798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the 1828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only 12 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error

The expression "curiously enough” is used in paragraph 2 because the author finds it strange that ___________ 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.  

     Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in, 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time, Vermont and Kentucky had joined the Union. At that time, it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and half-dollars were produced with sixteen stars.  

          As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from 1798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the 1828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only 12 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error

The word “bore” is closest in meaning to which of the following? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.  

     Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in, 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time, Vermont and Kentucky had joined the Union. At that time, it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and half-dollars were produced with sixteen stars.  

          As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from 1798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the 1828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only 12 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error

The word “their” refers to___________ 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.  

     Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in, 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time, Vermont and Kentucky had joined the Union. At that time, it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and half-dollars were produced with sixteen stars.  

          As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from 1798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the 1828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only 12 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error

What is the main topic of the passage?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

LET THE CAR DRIVE

     Human beings are notorious for making mistakes. If you look at the police log in any given city on any given day, you will definitely 25) ___________ (that one of the biggest problems all cities face is car accidents. People do all sorts of things that (26) ___________them into trouble on the roadways. Sometimes, they feel sleepy or they talk on cell phones while they are driving. Whatever the case may be, the accidents that are caused are almost always due to human error.  

     The car accident as a human error might be in for a big shake-up that will make the roadways much safer. We may soon be (27) ___________ into an area of self-driving cars that communicate with other cars on the road while (28) ___________the areas around them to avoid obstacles and keep the passengers safe. The technology is already here, and it is proving to be successful.  

          One company that has fully been (29) ___________the idea of driverless car is Google. The company's driverless car program is run by Sebastian Thun, who gained fame in 2005 when his team from Stanford won the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Grand Challenge

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

LET THE CAR DRIVE

     Human beings are notorious for making mistakes. If you look at the police log in any given city on any given day, you will definitely 25) ___________ (that one of the biggest problems all cities face is car accidents. People do all sorts of things that (26) ___________them into trouble on the roadways. Sometimes, they feel sleepy or they talk on cell phones while they are driving. Whatever the case may be, the accidents that are caused are almost always due to human error.  

     The car accident as a human error might be in for a big shake-up that will make the roadways much safer. We may soon be (27) ___________ into an area of self-driving cars that communicate with other cars on the road while (28) ___________the areas around them to avoid obstacles and keep the passengers safe. The technology is already here, and it is proving to be successful.  

          One company that has fully been (29) ___________the idea of driverless car is Google. The company's driverless car program is run by Sebastian Thun, who gained fame in 2005 when his team from Stanford won the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Grand Challenge

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

LET THE CAR DRIVE

     Human beings are notorious for making mistakes. If you look at the police log in any given city on any given day, you will definitely 25) ___________ (that one of the biggest problems all cities face is car accidents. People do all sorts of things that (26) ___________them into trouble on the roadways. Sometimes, they feel sleepy or they talk on cell phones while they are driving. Whatever the case may be, the accidents that are caused are almost always due to human error.  

     The car accident as a human error might be in for a big shake-up that will make the roadways much safer. We may soon be (27) ___________ into an area of self-driving cars that communicate with other cars on the road while (28) ___________the areas around them to avoid obstacles and keep the passengers safe. The technology is already here, and it is proving to be successful.  

          One company that has fully been (29) ___________the idea of driverless car is Google. The company's driverless car program is run by Sebastian Thun, who gained fame in 2005 when his team from Stanford won the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Grand Challenge

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

LET THE CAR DRIVE

     Human beings are notorious for making mistakes. If you look at the police log in any given city on any given day, you will definitely 25) ___________ (that one of the biggest problems all cities face is car accidents. People do all sorts of things that (26) ___________them into trouble on the roadways. Sometimes, they feel sleepy or they talk on cell phones while they are driving. Whatever the case may be, the accidents that are caused are almost always due to human error.  

     The car accident as a human error might be in for a big shake-up that will make the roadways much safer. We may soon be (27) ___________ into an area of self-driving cars that communicate with other cars on the road while (28) ___________the areas around them to avoid obstacles and keep the passengers safe. The technology is already here, and it is proving to be successful.  

          One company that has fully been (29) ___________the idea of driverless car is Google. The company's driverless car program is run by Sebastian Thun, who gained fame in 2005 when his team from Stanford won the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Grand Challenge

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

LET THE CAR DRIVE

     Human beings are notorious for making mistakes. If you look at the police log in any given city on any given day, you will definitely 25) ___________ (that one of the biggest problems all cities face is car accidents. People do all sorts of things that (26) ___________them into trouble on the roadways. Sometimes, they feel sleepy or they talk on cell phones while they are driving. Whatever the case may be, the accidents that are caused are almost always due to human error.  

     The car accident as a human error might be in for a big shake-up that will make the roadways much safer. We may soon be (27) ___________ into an area of self-driving cars that communicate with other cars on the road while (28) ___________the areas around them to avoid obstacles and keep the passengers safe. The technology is already here, and it is proving to be successful.  

          One company that has fully been (29) ___________the idea of driverless car is Google. The company's driverless car program is run by Sebastian Thun, who gained fame in 2005 when his team from Stanford won the Defense Advanced Research Project Agency (DARPA) Grand Challenge

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Mike is a university student. He comes to visit his professor, Mr. Brown, during office hours.  

     Mike: "What should I do to prepare for the final test?”  

          Mr. Brown: “___________” 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Wendy and Mark are university students. They are going on a field trip. 

Mark: “Hi, Wendy. What do we have to bring for the trip?”  

Wendy: “___________” 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

When floodwaters recede, affected areas are often blanketed in silt and mud. The water and landscape can be contaminated with hazardous materials, such as sharp debris, pesticides, fuel and untreated sewage.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

When you change a sound file to an MP3, the file is compressed. 

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

My head teacher has grave doubts as to whether I would pass my university entrance examination. I myself feel so worried

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

The restaurant entices more and more customers with its cozy interior and special daily events

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Ernest needs to take on a second job, but he doesn't know if he will be able to ___________ with the extra word

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

She worked here for a while then ___________ afternoon she just quit and left.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Project-based learning provides wonderful opportunities for students to develop their ___________ 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

There has been little rain in this area for too long, ___________? 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

There ___________ a number of reasons for the fall of the Roman Empire  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Mr. Simpkims is the big ___________ in the company as he has just been promoted to the position of Managing Director

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

It's silly of him to spend a lot of money buying ___________ 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

I didn't know what to think of it, so I suggested ___________ again. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Ursula and Tess had their little differences at the beginning of their work but now they seem to be ___________ quite nicely

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

I left my office at 4 because I was sure Mr Atkins wouldn't come. Now I wish I ___________ for him

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

___________ of the work of the Renaissance sculptor Conrad Meit has been lost over the centuries, as has the work of ___________ others.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

It seemed as if there was nothing the doctors could do ___________ the patient except hope ___________ a miracle

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

For Arabic speakers, more than two consonants together can be difficult to ___________, so they often insert a short vowel between them.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

It's clear that Carla's grown up a lot in the past five years, as she acts in much more ___________ manner now

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three tin the pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three tin the pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

My brother couldn't speak a word. He could do that when he turned three. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

I'd like to blame you. However, I know I can't

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is dosest in meaning to each of the following questions

We're still hesitating about which school our son ought to go to.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is dosest in meaning to each of the following questions

“I'm sorry for not keeping my promise, Mum!” said John

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is dosest in meaning to each of the following questions

It's a waste of time asking Peter for help because he is too busy.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Neither of the two candidates who had applied for admission to the Industrial Engineering apartment were eligible for admission

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

The medical problems of parents and their children tend to be very similar to because of the hereditary nature of many diseases

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Prevented the soil from erosion, the trees planted by the fanner many years before were what stopped the flood from reaching his house.  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     Whether it's the melodic sound of an Eric Clapton solo or the growl of a heavy metal band, the electric guitar has influenced popular music and culture more than any other instrument. Rock's greatest musicians have always been closely identified with their guitars. But the instruments being designed for tomorrow's pop stars may look and sound rather different from today's familiar electric and acoustic guitars.  

     It is only sixty years since the electric guitar was invented. Since then there have been incredible changes to the technical design of the instrument. From what was once a rounded wooden box with a hole in the front, the guitar has evolved into the smooth solid body of the rock guitarist's "axe”. The most modern guitars are really computer-controlled synthesizers.  

     Adolph Rickenbacker's Electro String Company produced the first world's first electric guitar. It was made of wood and played on the user's lap. The first real breakthrough in design came in 1950 when Leo Fender, a California radio repairman, made the first solid-bodied electric guitar, the Fender Telecaster. Soon after the inventor Les Paul made the famous Gibson Les Paul, Fender launched his stylish Stratocaster two years later. These guitars became standard instruments against which newer guitar designs are measured.  

     All sorts of different materials have been used to make guitars. Acoustic guitars are made from wood, which gives a soft tone. Wood is also a popular material in electric guitar manufacture, but more modern materials such as glass and carbon fiber are also used. There have also been guitars with metal bodies and necks though these were never popular with players, who claim metal feels cold in the hand.  

     Plastics, on the other hand, have been more used in guitar bodies. A company that makes parts for the aerospace industry has begun to use a kind of fiberglass that was originally used in helicopter blades to make the bodies for its electric-acoustic instruments. Other makers have begun to experiment with graphite, which is ten times stiffer than wood but much lighter. It doesn't expand or contract as the temperature or humidity changes either. This makes it particularly suitable for guitar necks and for tennis rackets, for which it is also used.  

          As long as scientists and musicians work together harmoniously, the electric guitar will continue to benefit from technological innovations. But for all the efforts of the guitar companies' design engineers, managers and quality controllers, it's the musicians who finally make the instruments sing - and not necessarily in the way the guitar maker intended

The writer uses the word "guitar" sixteen times in the passage. What other word(s) is/are used instead of "guitar"?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     Whether it's the melodic sound of an Eric Clapton solo or the growl of a heavy metal band, the electric guitar has influenced popular music and culture more than any other instrument. Rock's greatest musicians have always been closely identified with their guitars. But the instruments being designed for tomorrow's pop stars may look and sound rather different from today's familiar electric and acoustic guitars.  

     It is only sixty years since the electric guitar was invented. Since then there have been incredible changes to the technical design of the instrument. From what was once a rounded wooden box with a hole in the front, the guitar has evolved into the smooth solid body of the rock guitarist's "axe”. The most modern guitars are really computer-controlled synthesizers.  

     Adolph Rickenbacker's Electro String Company produced the first world's first electric guitar. It was made of wood and played on the user's lap. The first real breakthrough in design came in 1950 when Leo Fender, a California radio repairman, made the first solid-bodied electric guitar, the Fender Telecaster. Soon after the inventor Les Paul made the famous Gibson Les Paul, Fender launched his stylish Stratocaster two years later. These guitars became standard instruments against which newer guitar designs are measured.  

     All sorts of different materials have been used to make guitars. Acoustic guitars are made from wood, which gives a soft tone. Wood is also a popular material in electric guitar manufacture, but more modern materials such as glass and carbon fiber are also used. There have also been guitars with metal bodies and necks though these were never popular with players, who claim metal feels cold in the hand.  

     Plastics, on the other hand, have been more used in guitar bodies. A company that makes parts for the aerospace industry has begun to use a kind of fiberglass that was originally used in helicopter blades to make the bodies for its electric-acoustic instruments. Other makers have begun to experiment with graphite, which is ten times stiffer than wood but much lighter. It doesn't expand or contract as the temperature or humidity changes either. This makes it particularly suitable for guitar necks and for tennis rackets, for which it is also used.  

          As long as scientists and musicians work together harmoniously, the electric guitar will continue to benefit from technological innovations. But for all the efforts of the guitar companies' design engineers, managers and quality controllers, it's the musicians who finally make the instruments sing - and not necessarily in the way the guitar maker intended

Recent technological innovations___________ 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     Whether it's the melodic sound of an Eric Clapton solo or the growl of a heavy metal band, the electric guitar has influenced popular music and culture more than any other instrument. Rock's greatest musicians have always been closely identified with their guitars. But the instruments being designed for tomorrow's pop stars may look and sound rather different from today's familiar electric and acoustic guitars.  

     It is only sixty years since the electric guitar was invented. Since then there have been incredible changes to the technical design of the instrument. From what was once a rounded wooden box with a hole in the front, the guitar has evolved into the smooth solid body of the rock guitarist's "axe”. The most modern guitars are really computer-controlled synthesizers.  

     Adolph Rickenbacker's Electro String Company produced the first world's first electric guitar. It was made of wood and played on the user's lap. The first real breakthrough in design came in 1950 when Leo Fender, a California radio repairman, made the first solid-bodied electric guitar, the Fender Telecaster. Soon after the inventor Les Paul made the famous Gibson Les Paul, Fender launched his stylish Stratocaster two years later. These guitars became standard instruments against which newer guitar designs are measured.  

     All sorts of different materials have been used to make guitars. Acoustic guitars are made from wood, which gives a soft tone. Wood is also a popular material in electric guitar manufacture, but more modern materials such as glass and carbon fiber are also used. There have also been guitars with metal bodies and necks though these were never popular with players, who claim metal feels cold in the hand.  

     Plastics, on the other hand, have been more used in guitar bodies. A company that makes parts for the aerospace industry has begun to use a kind of fiberglass that was originally used in helicopter blades to make the bodies for its electric-acoustic instruments. Other makers have begun to experiment with graphite, which is ten times stiffer than wood but much lighter. It doesn't expand or contract as the temperature or humidity changes either. This makes it particularly suitable for guitar necks and for tennis rackets, for which it is also used.  

          As long as scientists and musicians work together harmoniously, the electric guitar will continue to benefit from technological innovations. But for all the efforts of the guitar companies' design engineers, managers and quality controllers, it's the musicians who finally make the instruments sing - and not necessarily in the way the guitar maker intended

Which one of the following subjects is NOT referred to? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     Whether it's the melodic sound of an Eric Clapton solo or the growl of a heavy metal band, the electric guitar has influenced popular music and culture more than any other instrument. Rock's greatest musicians have always been closely identified with their guitars. But the instruments being designed for tomorrow's pop stars may look and sound rather different from today's familiar electric and acoustic guitars.  

     It is only sixty years since the electric guitar was invented. Since then there have been incredible changes to the technical design of the instrument. From what was once a rounded wooden box with a hole in the front, the guitar has evolved into the smooth solid body of the rock guitarist's "axe”. The most modern guitars are really computer-controlled synthesizers.  

     Adolph Rickenbacker's Electro String Company produced the first world's first electric guitar. It was made of wood and played on the user's lap. The first real breakthrough in design came in 1950 when Leo Fender, a California radio repairman, made the first solid-bodied electric guitar, the Fender Telecaster. Soon after the inventor Les Paul made the famous Gibson Les Paul, Fender launched his stylish Stratocaster two years later. These guitars became standard instruments against which newer guitar designs are measured.  

     All sorts of different materials have been used to make guitars. Acoustic guitars are made from wood, which gives a soft tone. Wood is also a popular material in electric guitar manufacture, but more modern materials such as glass and carbon fiber are also used. There have also been guitars with metal bodies and necks though these were never popular with players, who claim metal feels cold in the hand.  

     Plastics, on the other hand, have been more used in guitar bodies. A company that makes parts for the aerospace industry has begun to use a kind of fiberglass that was originally used in helicopter blades to make the bodies for its electric-acoustic instruments. Other makers have begun to experiment with graphite, which is ten times stiffer than wood but much lighter. It doesn't expand or contract as the temperature or humidity changes either. This makes it particularly suitable for guitar necks and for tennis rackets, for which it is also used.  

          As long as scientists and musicians work together harmoniously, the electric guitar will continue to benefit from technological innovations. But for all the efforts of the guitar companies' design engineers, managers and quality controllers, it's the musicians who finally make the instruments sing - and not necessarily in the way the guitar maker intended

Which material was disliked by musicians?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     Whether it's the melodic sound of an Eric Clapton solo or the growl of a heavy metal band, the electric guitar has influenced popular music and culture more than any other instrument. Rock's greatest musicians have always been closely identified with their guitars. But the instruments being designed for tomorrow's pop stars may look and sound rather different from today's familiar electric and acoustic guitars.  

     It is only sixty years since the electric guitar was invented. Since then there have been incredible changes to the technical design of the instrument. From what was once a rounded wooden box with a hole in the front, the guitar has evolved into the smooth solid body of the rock guitarist's "axe”. The most modern guitars are really computer-controlled synthesizers.  

     Adolph Rickenbacker's Electro String Company produced the first world's first electric guitar. It was made of wood and played on the user's lap. The first real breakthrough in design came in 1950 when Leo Fender, a California radio repairman, made the first solid-bodied electric guitar, the Fender Telecaster. Soon after the inventor Les Paul made the famous Gibson Les Paul, Fender launched his stylish Stratocaster two years later. These guitars became standard instruments against which newer guitar designs are measured.  

     All sorts of different materials have been used to make guitars. Acoustic guitars are made from wood, which gives a soft tone. Wood is also a popular material in electric guitar manufacture, but more modern materials such as glass and carbon fiber are also used. There have also been guitars with metal bodies and necks though these were never popular with players, who claim metal feels cold in the hand.  

     Plastics, on the other hand, have been more used in guitar bodies. A company that makes parts for the aerospace industry has begun to use a kind of fiberglass that was originally used in helicopter blades to make the bodies for its electric-acoustic instruments. Other makers have begun to experiment with graphite, which is ten times stiffer than wood but much lighter. It doesn't expand or contract as the temperature or humidity changes either. This makes it particularly suitable for guitar necks and for tennis rackets, for which it is also used.  

          As long as scientists and musicians work together harmoniously, the electric guitar will continue to benefit from technological innovations. But for all the efforts of the guitar companies' design engineers, managers and quality controllers, it's the musicians who finally make the instruments sing - and not necessarily in the way the guitar maker intended

Why is graphite a good material for guitar necks?