Human beings have destroyed the environment for a long time. They are now paying a high price for this.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 

Alternative sources of energy have environmental advantages. It’s not easy to make full use of them.

People believe that Chinese people invented paper.

He didn’t prepare well for his GCSE examination and he regrets it now.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 

She didn’t understand the benefits of volunteering until she joined this club.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 

Children are expected to make the right thing both at school and at home.

What can be inferred from the reading passage?

Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

According to the passage, single-parent households ______.

The word “patriarchal” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

Historically, extended families were the most basic unit of social organization in all of the following places EXCEPT ______.

The word “the latter” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 

     The difference between the nuclear family and the extended family is that a nuclear family refers to a single basic family unit of parents and their children, whereas the extended family refers to their relatives such as grandparents, in-laws, aunts and uncles, etc. In many cultures, and particularly indigenous societies, the latter is the most common basic form of social organization. 

     A nuclear family is limited, according to Kristy Jackson of Colorado State University, to one or two parents (e.g. a father and mother) and their own child, or children, living together in a single house or other dwellings. In anthropology, they only must be related in this fashion; there is no upper or lower limit on the number of children in a nuclear family. 

     The extended family is a much more nebulous term, but in essence refers to kin or relations not covered by the above definition. In historical Europe and Asia as well as in Middle Eastern, African, and South American Aboriginal cultures, extended family groups were typically the most basic unit of social organization. The term can differ in specific cultural settings, but generally includes people related in age or by lineage. Anthropologically, the term “extended family” refers to such a group living together in a household, often with three generations living together (grandparents, parents, and children) and headed in patriarchal societies by the eldest man or by some other chosen leadership figure. However, in common parlance, the term “extended family” is often used by people simply to refer to their cousins, aunts, uncles, and so on, even though they are not living together in a single group. 

     Historically, most people in the world have lived in extended family groupings rather than in nuclear families. This was even true in Europe and in the early United States, where multiple generations often lived together for economic reasons. During the 20^th century, average income rose high enough that living apart as nuclear families became a viable option for the vast majority of the American population. In contrast, many indigenous societies and residents of developing countries continue to have multiple generations living in the same household. The rise of the nuclear family in the modern West does not necessarily mean that family arrangements have stabilized, either. The rapid growth in single-parent households, for instance, also represents a substantial change in the traditional nuclear family. More couples are also choosing not to have children at all. 

What is the passage mainly about?

The author compares which of the following animals to mythological monsters?

What does the word "they" refer to?

It can be inferred from the passage that President Jefferson ordered Lewis and Clark to

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34 

     Though they were not trained naturalists, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark in their explorations of North America in the early nineteenth century came across enough unfamiliar birds, mammals, and reptiles to fill a zoo. In keeping with President Jefferson's orders they took careful note of 122 species and subspecies that were unknown to science and in many cases native only to the West. Clark made sketches of any particularly intriguing creature. He and Lewis also collected animal hides and horns and bird skins with such care that a few of them were still intact nearly two centuries later. While Lewis and Clark failed to meet the mythological monsters reputed to dwelt in the West, they did unearth the bones of a 45 - foot dinosaur. Furthermore, some of the living beasts they did come upon, such as the woolly mountain goat and the grizzly bear, were every bit as odd or as fearsome as any myth. In their collector's enthusiasm, they even floated a prairie dog out of its burrow by pouring in five barrel full of water, then shipped the frisky animal to Jefferson alive and yelping. 

What does the passage mainly discuss?

Lan: “Would you say the Great Wall is among the seven man-made wonders of the world?” 

Trang: “_______”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. 

Tung: “Your shoes are terrific, Tuan. The color quite suits you.”

Tuan: “______”

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 

When my parents got married, they paid for their car by monthly installments over two years.

I intended to spend a romantic weekend in Bali but the weather forecast was appalling enough to put me off.

It’s a shame that these two plants are ________ exclusive. Implementing one will automatically rule out the other

___________, Joe was annoyed to find that he had left his key at the coffee shop.

Martin tried three new jackets, ______ fitted him.

A fire – fighter severely ______ while he _____ to put out a fire.