Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question from 18 to 25.
The principle of use and disuse states that those parts of organisms’ bodies that are used grown larger. Those parts that are not tend to wither away. It is an observed fact that when you exercise particular muscles, they grow. Those that are never used dimish. By examining a man’s body, we can tell which muscles he uses and which he doesn’t. We may even be able to guess his profession or his reaction. Enthusiasts of the “body-building” cult make use of the principle of use and disuse to “build” their bodies, almost like a piece of sculpture, into whatever unnatural shape is demanded by fashion in this peculiar minority culture. Muscles are not the only parts of the body that respond to use in this kind of way. Walk barefoot and you acquire harder skin on your soles. It is easy to tell a famer from a bank teller by looking at their hands alone. The famer’s hands are horny, hardened by long exposure to rough work. The teller’s hands are relatively soft.
The principle of use and disuse enables animals to become better at the job of surviving in their world, progressively better during their lifetime as result of living in that world. Humans, through direct exposure to sunlight, or lack of it, develop a skin color which equips them better to survive in the particular local conditions.
Too much sunlight is dangerous. Enthusiastic sunbathers with very fair skins are susceptible to skin cancer. Too little sunlight, on the other hand, leads to vitamin-D deficiency and rickets. The brown pigment melanin which is synthesized under the influence of sunlight, makes a screen to protect the underlying tissues from the harmful effects of further sunlight. If a suntanned person moves to a less sunny climate, the melanin disappears, and the body is able to benefit from what little sun there is. This can be represented as an instance of the principle of use and disuse: skin goes brown when it is “used”, and fades to white when it is not.
In the second paragraph, the author mentions sun tanning as an example of________.
A. humans improving their local condition
B. humans surviving in adverse conditions
C. humans using the principle of use and disuse
D. humans running the risk of skin cancer
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án C.
Key word: sun tanning, example of.
Clue: “The principle of use disuse anables animals better at the job of surviving in their world, progressively better during their lifetime as a result of living in that world. Humans, through direct exposure to sunlight, or lack of it, develop a skin color which equips them better to survive in the particular local conditions. Too much sunlight is dangerous”: Nguyên lí của việc dùng hay không dùng cho phép động vật trở nên tốt hơn trong việc tồn tại trong môi trường chúng sống, càng ngày càng tốt lên trong suốt cuộc đời của chúng như một kết quả của việc sống đó. Con người tiếp xúc trực tiếp với ánh nắng mặt trời hay thiếu ánh nắng đều phát triển một màu da để tồn tại tốt hơn trong môi trường địa phương đặc biệt.
Phân tích đáp án:
A. Humans improving their local condition: Con người cải thiện điều kiện ở địa phương của họ.
B. Humans surviving in adverse conditions: Con người sống sót trong điều kiện bất lợi
C. Humans using the principle of use and disuse: Con người sử dụng nguyên tắc sử dụng và không sử dụng.
D. Humans running the risk of skin cancer: Con người có nguy cơ ung thư da.
Trong clue ta thấy câu trước nói về quy luật sử dụng hay không sử dụng “ánh nắng” của con người nên câu sau phải là ví dụ cho việc này. Đáp án chính xác là C.
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part that differs from the other three in the pronunciation in each of the following.
Miss Diligent did nine hour’s________ studying a day for het exam.
The boys ________ that they had broken the window, but I’m sure they did.
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
THE HOSTORY OF WRITING
The development of writing (30)________ a huge difference to the world and might see it as the beginning of the media. Pieces of pottery with marks on that are probably numbers have been discovered in China (31)________date from around 4000 BC. Hieroglyphics and other forms of “picture writing” developed in the area around Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), where the ancient Sumerian civilization was based, from around 3300 BC onwards. However, the first (32)________ alphabet was used by the Phoenicians around 1050 BC. Their alphabet had 22 letters and it is estimated that it lasted for 1000 years. The first two signs were called “aleph” and “beth”, which in Greek became “alpha” and “beta”, which gave us the modern word “alphabet”.
The modern European alphabet is based on the Greek and spead (33)________other European countries under the Romans. A number of changes took place as time passed. The Romans added the letter G, and the letter J and V were unknown to people in Shakespeare’s time.
If we (34)________the history of punctuation, we also find some interesting facts. The Romans used to write quaesto at the end of a sentence in order to show that it was a Question. They started to write Qo in place of the whole word, and the put the Q above the o. In the end, that became the question mark “?”
Điền vào ô 31
At the 2015 Women in the World Summit, Hilary Clinton asserted that “________cultural codes, religious beliefs and structural biases have to be changed”.
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part that differs from the other three in the pronunciation in each of the following.
Lien was walking her dogs in the park, she met Lan accidentally.
Lan: “How lovely you pets are!”
Lien: “________”
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Having served in the White House for 34 years and assisted 8 presidents, Eugene Allen experienced crucial moment in American history during his time here.
“At the start of the 19th century, the highest-________newspaper in the United Kingdom was The Morning Post, which sold around 4,000 copies per day.”
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
THE HOSTORY OF WRITING
The development of writing (30)________ a huge difference to the world and might see it as the beginning of the media. Pieces of pottery with marks on that are probably numbers have been discovered in China (31)________date from around 4000 BC. Hieroglyphics and other forms of “picture writing” developed in the area around Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq), where the ancient Sumerian civilization was based, from around 3300 BC onwards. However, the first (32)________ alphabet was used by the Phoenicians around 1050 BC. Their alphabet had 22 letters and it is estimated that it lasted for 1000 years. The first two signs were called “aleph” and “beth”, which in Greek became “alpha” and “beta”, which gave us the modern word “alphabet”.
The modern European alphabet is based on the Greek and spead (33)________other European countries under the Romans. A number of changes took place as time passed. The Romans added the letter G, and the letter J and V were unknown to people in Shakespeare’s time.
If we (34)________the history of punctuation, we also find some interesting facts. The Romans used to write quaesto at the end of a sentence in order to show that it was a Question. They started to write Qo in place of the whole word, and the put the Q above the o. In the end, that became the question mark “?”
Điền vào ô 32
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following.
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question.
Your drink cost $40, you gave me a $50 note and here is your________.
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentence in the following questions.
Many doctors and nurses on duty during holidays don’t have time to relax. They don’t have time to meet up with their families.
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentence in the following questions.
The boy lost several of his fingers because of firecrackers. The doctors are operating on him.
