Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.
All living cells in an animal's body require energy to power the various chemical processes going in inside them. This energy is ultimately supplied by the food that animals eat. These chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism, and one of the byproducts of metabolism is heat. Metabolic rates vary significantly between species. Warm-blooded animals (birds and mammals) have metabolic rates about five to ten times higher than those of similarly sized cold-blooded ones (reptiles, amphibians, and fishes). And it is precisely because birds and mammals have such high metabolic rates that they are able to keep their bodies warm.
The terms warm-blooded and cold-blooded are still in everyday use, but they are not entirely precise. Anyone who has handled a snake knows this because a snake’s body actually feels quite warm. But very little of the snake’s body heat originates internally, from its cells, most of it having been supplied from the outside, either by the sun or by a heat lamp. Instead of referring to reptiles as cold-blooded, they are best described as ectothermic, meaning “outside heat”. Similarly, birds and mammals are said to be endothermic, meaning “inside heat”.
There are advantages and disadvantages to each thermal strategy. Reptiles are usually sluggish first thing in the morning, their body temperatures having dropped during the cool of the night. Accordingly, they have to bask in the sun to raise their body temperatures, but once they have warmed up sufficiently, they can go about their business. By altering between the sun when they are too cool, and the shade when they are too warm, many reptiles are able to maintain their body temperatures at optimum levels of about 95°F or more. Endotherms, on the other hand, maintain temperatures of about 98°F all the time, so they are always ready for action.
I used to keep a crocodile. He had very sharp teeth, and I had to be careful how I handled him during the daytime, when he was warm. But I could do whatever I wanted at night, when he was cold, without any fear of being bitten. The obvious disadvantage of being ectothermic is that the animal’s activity levels are dependent upon the environment. But its low metabolic rates mean that it requires far less food, which is an advantage. I used to feed the crocodile a tiny piece of liver once a week, while the family cat demanded three meals every day. We should therefore not think that reptiles are inferior to mammals and birds; they are just different
According to the author, the term "cold - blooded" is misleading because "cold - blooded" animals_________.
A. cannot survive cold temperatures even when being exposed to the sun
B. are more affected by heat than by cold in any environment
C. often have a body temperature comparable to that of warm - blooded animals
D. always have a higher body temperature than the temperature of the environment
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Chọn C
Kiến thức: Đọc hiểu
Giải thích:
Theo tác giả, thuật ngữ "máu lạnh" là dễ gây nhầm lẫn vì động vật "máu lạnh"_________
A. không thể tồn tại ở nhiệt độ lạnh ngay cả khi tiếp xúc với ánh nắng mặt trời.
B. bị ảnh hưởng nhiều bởi nhiệt hơn là lạnh trong mọi môi trường.
C. thường có nhiệt độ cơ thể được so sánh với nhiệt độ cơ thể động vật máu nóng.
D. luôn có nhiệt độ cơ thể cao hơn nhiệt độ môi trường
The captain has not decided yet where to stop on the journey – we’ll just play it by_______ and see how we feel
What is most striking is that most authors made_______ efforts to secure proper authorization for their works
Two school boys are talking to each other.
Harry: “Were you chosen for our school football team?
Porter: “_______”
Amazon.com, Inc, is an America multinational technology company based in_______ Seattle, Washington that focuses on_______ e- commerce, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence
We’ve had a burglar alarm installed in our holiday cottage _______we will feel happier about leaving it unoccupied for long periods
The committee, in an earlier report, was accused of sweeping financial problems under the carpet to avoid embarrassment
_______, the would-be thief made quite a commotion, which alerted the soldiers who then arrested the man
Ants were the first group of eusocial predatory insects (A) that both (B) lived and foraged primarily (C) in the soil and in rotting vegetation (D) on the ground
Choose the word or phrase OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following sentences
Work efficiency has increased appreciably each year thanks to computers and their ability to multitask
The receptionist didn’t know_______ whom the message was intended
Once_______ with the latest technology, many vehicle manufacturing factories are believed to reduce emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) drastically
“Who volunteered to pick up the refreshments for today’s meeting?” – “ ________”
There are two major factors_______ this decrease in the number of students_______ an MBA degree in their countries today
Many students regret not having taken the opportunity to learn English when they were at high school
