Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions
The principle of use and disuse states that those parts of organisms' bodies that are used grown larger. Those parts that are not tend to wither away. It is an observed fact that when you exercise particular muscles, they grow. Those that are never used dimish. By examining a man's body, we can tell which muscles he uses and which he doesn't. We may even be able to guess his profession or his reaction. Enthusiasts of the "body- building" cult make use of the principle of use and disuse to "build" their bodies, almost like a piece of sculpture, into whatever unnatural shape is demanded by fashion in this peculiar minority culture. Muscles are not the only parts of the body that respond to use in this kind of way. Walk barefoot and you acquire harder skin on your soles. It is easy to tell a farmer from a bank teller by looking at their hands alone. The farmer's hands are horny, hardened by long exposure to rough work. The teller's hands are relatively soft.
The principle of use and disuse enables animals to become better at the job of surviving in their world, progressively better during their lifetime as a result of living in that world. Humans, through direct exposure to sunlight, or lack of it, develop a skin color which equips them better to survive in the particular local conditions.
Too much sunlight is dangerous. Enthusiastic sunbathers with very fair skins are susceptible to skin cancer. Too little sunlight, on the other hand, leads to vitamin-D deficiency and rickets. The brown pigment melanin which is synthesized under the influence of sunlight, makes a screen to protect the underlying tissues from the harmful effects of further sunlight. If a suntanned person moves to a less sunny climate, the melanin disappears, and the body is able to benefit from what little sun there is. This can be represented as an instance of the principle of use and disuse: skin goes brown when it is "used", and fades to white when it is not.
What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. How the principles of use and disuse change people's concepts of themselves.
B. The way in which people change themselves to conform to fashion
C. The changes that occur according to the principle of use and disuse
D. The effects of the sun on the principle of use and disuse
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án : C
Bài viết chủ yếu nói về nguyên tắc sử dụng và không sử dụng và những thay đổi cũng như những ứng dụng của nó.
- Đoạn 1 là giới thiệu chung nhất về nguyên tắc này với câu mở đầu: The principle of use and disuse states that those parts of organisms' bodies that are used grown larger.
- Đoạn 2 là nguyên tắc được ứng dụng ở người và động vật
- Đoạn cuối là sự thay đổi dựa theo liều lượng sử dụng (too much, too little…)
Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
(A) Regardless of your teaching method, the (B) objective of any conversation class (C) should be for the students to practise (D) speaking words.
Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
Scientists (A) say that the Earth is unique because no (B) other planet has conditions which (C) enables the existence of (D) intelligent life
………Michelle tried hard, she didn’t manage to win the competition.
I………an old friend of mine in the street this morning. We haven’t seen each other for ages.
Mark the letter A, B,C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions
Have you considered (A) to move to another city (B) to find a new job that uses the (C) same skills but offers a (D) better salary?
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions
………, Mr. Jean takes pleasure in doing charity and other social work.
We can decrease the amount of waste produced at home by………used paper, plastic and metal
Lan :“She seems………for the job”.
Hoa: “Yes. Everybody thinks she’s perfectly suited for it.”
Tom is ………. with his teacher because he didn’t do any assignments.
