Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
Learning means acquiring knowledge or developing the ability to perform new behaviors. It is common to think of learning as something that takes place in school, but much of human learning occurs outside the classroom, and people continue to learn throughout their lives.
Even before they enter school, young children learn to walk, to talk, and to use their hands to manipulate toys, food, and other objects. They use all of their senses to learn about the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells in their environments. They learn how to interact with their parents, siblings, friends, and other people important to their world. When they enter school, children learn basic academic subjects such as reading, writing, and mathematics. They also continue to learn a great deal outside the classroom. They learn which behaviors are likely to be rewarded and which are likely to be punished. They learn social skills for interacting with other children. After they finish school, people must learn to adapt to the many major changes that affect their lives, such as getting married, raising children, and finding and keeping a job.
Because learning continues throughout our lives and affects almost everything we do, the study of learning is important in many different fields. Teachers need to understand the best ways to educate children. Psychologists, social workers, criminologists, and other human-service workers need to understand how certain experiences change people's behaviors. Employers, politicians, and advertisers make use of the principles of learning to influence the behavior of workers, voters, and consumers.
Learning is closely related to memory, which is the storage of information in the brain. Psychologists who study memory are interested in how the brain stores knowledge, where this storage takes place, and how the brain later retrieves knowledge when we need it. In contrast, psychologists who study learning are more interested in behavior and how behavior changes as a result of a person's experiences.
There are many forms of learning, ranging from simple to complex. Simple forms of learning involve a single stimulus. A stimulus is anything perceptible to the senses, such as a sight, sound, smell, touch, or taste. In a form of learning known as classical conditioning, people learn to associate two stimuli that occur in sequence, such as lightning followed by thunder. In operant conditioning, people learn by forming an association between a behavior and its consequences (reward or punishment). People and animals can also learn by observation - that is, by watching others perform behaviors. More complex forms of learning include learning languages, concepts, and motor skills.
Question 50: The passage mainly discusses ________.
A. practical examples of learning inside the classroom
B. application of learning principles to formal education
C. general principles of learning
D. simple forms of learning
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án C
Dịch nghĩa: Bài viết chủ yếu bản luận về ____________.
A. những ví dụ thực tế của việc học trong lớp
B. việc áp dụng các quy tắc học tập vào giáo dục chính quy
C. những quy tắc chung về học tập
D. những hình thức học tập đơn giản
Giải thích: Bài văn đề cập đến nhiều khía cạnh của việc học, lần lượt: định nghĩa về học, các hình thức học trong và ngoài trường lớp, tầm quan trọng của nghiên cứu về học tập và các dạng học khác nhau.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 5: Although I didn't personally see who was responsible for this mess, but I think I can make a guess.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 30: There was a terrible flood. All villagers, who had received a warning of the impending flood, escaped to safety.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 28: As we were heading out of the café, we bumped into our plumber, who we still owed money to.
Markthe letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 9: Seldom _______ far enough north to disturb South Pacific shipping lanes.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 21: Cindy wanted to drive her best friend to have dinner at an Italian restaurant but her car couldn't start. Therefore, she had to borrow one from Nancy. Choose the most suitable response to fill in the blank in the following exchange.
Cindy: “Would you mind lending me your car?” - Nancy: “_____________.”
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word/phrases SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22: According to Freud, dreams can be interpreted as the fulfillment of wishes.
Markthe letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 8: She ________ the station every day but then she suddenly decided to walk instead.
Markthe letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 11: Fort Niagara was built by the French in 1762 on land ______ the Seneca Indians.
Markthe letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 18: As you've arrived late, you'll have to ______ the time you've lost.
Markthe letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 12: A quick look would reveal that France has twice ________ computers.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
Scientists have discovered the bones of what may be the largest meat-eating dinosaur ever to walk the earth. The discovery was made by a team of researchers from Argentina and North America in Patagonia, a desert on the eastern slopes of the Andes in South America. Besides the interesting fact that the dinosaur was huge and horrifying, it is even more astounding that the bones of a number of the dinosaurs were found together. This discovery challenges the prior theory that the biggest meat-eaters lived as loners and instead indicates that they may have lived and hunted in packs. The Tyrannosaurus Rex lived in North America and was believed to hunt and live alone.
The newly discovered meat-eater appears to be related to the Giganotosaurus family, being as closely related to it as a fox would be to a dog. It is actually not of the same family at all as the Tyrannosaurus Rex, being as different from it as a cat is from a dog.
The fossilized remains indicate that the animals lived about 100 million years ago. With needle-shaped noses and razor sharp teeth, they were larger than the Tyrannosaurus Rex, although their legs were slightly shorter, and their jaws were designed to be better able to dissect their prey quickly and precisely.
Question 41: The word it in the second paragraph refers to ________.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29: I'm sorry I wasn't in the office when you phoned. I know I promised to be.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 6: What surprised me most was that he kept smiling even after so many insults directing at him.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 27: Somebody cleans that room every day.
Markthe letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 15: The mass of the sun is about 750 times _______ that of all the planets combined.
