Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34
China - Missing Women
In China the growing difference between the genders is giving signals of alarm to Government authorities. According to the latest census figures, 119 boys are born for every 100 girls. [A■] This striking difference is expected to shoot up by the year 2020 with almost 40 million unsettled bachelors. This distribution of the social ecology would create havoc in the future. The social leaders are trying to pressurize the masses into producing more females. The Government has embarked on policies extending innumerable incentives to the families bearing girls.
Monetary support, free education, guaranteed employment is being gifted to parents who gift the country with a girl child. The Government is trying to persuade people to suppress their personal preferences and regulate their community behavior according to the new blueprint to stimulate the girl ratio. [B■] Sometimes the Government tries to woo them and sometimes it uses stein policies to force them into it.
Consequent to the population explosion, the Government introduced, in the 80's, one child policy in China. Any additional pregnancy had to be terminated. This was aimed to put a check on the teeming millions. [C■] The policy had no relation to extermination of girl child in the womb. But the policymakers had no idea about its long term impact. People, with a patriarchic mindset, came up with their preference for a single male child. The idea of a happy family became 'parents with a single male child'.
The Chinese culture has always promoted sons over daughters because the society has been dominated by males. In villages, where hard work is needed to sustain the agriculture, a boy is always preferable due to his superior physical strength compared to that of a girl. [D■] In such circumstances, looking forward to a male baby seems justified. If people have to limit their families, it is obvious they would prefer a boy over a girl child. This problem has been accentuated by the use of ultrasound scanning which helps determine the sex of the fetus. This technology has played a crucial role in creating gender imbalance.
Which of the following is NOT correct about the one child policy in China?
A. Each Chinese family was allowed to have only one child
B. Although the additional pregnancy was a girl child, it also had to be terminated
C. The one child policy was introduced by the Chinese government in the 1980s
D. With the purpose of controlling the population explosion, the Government introduced one child policy in China
Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com
Đáp án B
Điều nào dưới đây không đúng về chính sách một con ở Trung Quốc?
A. Mỗi gia đình ở Trung Quốc chỉ được phép có một con.
B. Dù thai kì bổ sung có là một bé gái thì cũng phải bị loại bỏ.
C. Chính sách một con được giới thiệu bởi chính phủ Trung Quốc vào những năm 1980.
D. Với mục đích kiểm soát sự bùng nổ dân số, chính phủ đã áp dụng chính sách một con ở Trung Quốc.
Căn cứ vào thông tin sau:
“Any additional pregnancy had to be terminated. This was aimed to put a check on the teeming millions. The policy had no relation to extermination of girl child in the womb." (Bất kỳ thai kỳ bổ sung nào cũng phải chấm dứt. Điều này nhằm mục đích kìm nén hàng triệu người đông đúc. Chính sách này không có liên quan đến việc loại bỏ đứa con gái trong bụng mẹ.)
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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
Overpopulation, the situation of having large numbers of people with too few resources and too little space, is closely associated with poverty. It can result from high population density, or from low amounts of resources, or from both. Excessively high population densities put stress on available resources. Only a certain number of people can be supported on a given area of land, and that number depends on how much food and other resources the land can provide. In countries where people live primarily by means of simple farming, gardening, herding, hunting, and gathering, even large areas of land can support only small numbers of people because these labour intensive subsistence activities produce only small amounts of food.
In developed countries such as the United States, Japan, and the countries of Western Europe, overpopulation generally is not considered a major cause of poverty. These countries produce large quantitics of food through mechanized farming, which depends on commercial fertilizers, large-scale irrigation, and agricultural machinery. This form of production provides enough food to support the high densities of people in metropolitan areas.
A country's level of poverty can depend greatly on its mix of population density and agricultural productivity. Bangladesh, for example, has one of the world's highest population densities, with 1,147 persons per sq km. A large majority of the people of Bangladesh engage in low - productivity manual farming, which contributes to the country's extremely high level of poverty. Some of the smaller countries in Western Europe, such as the Netherlands and Belgium, have high population densities as well. These countries practise mechanized farming and are involved in high-tech industries, however, and therefore have high standards of living. At the other end of the spectrum, many countries in sub-Saharan Africa have population densities of less than 30 persons per sq km. Many people in these countries practise manual subsistence farming; these countries also have infertile land, and lack the economic resources and technology to boost productivity. As a consequence, these nations are very poor. The United Slates has both relatively low population density and high agricultural productivity; it is one of the world's wealthiest nations.
High birth rates contribute to overpopulation in many developing countries. Children are assets to many poor families because the provide labour, usually for farming. Cultural norms in traditionally rural societies commonly sanction the value of large families. Also, the governments of developing countries often provide little or no support, financial or political, for family planning; even people who wish to keep their families small have difficulty doing so. For all these reasons, developing countries lend to have high rates of population growth.
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Mark the letter A, B, C, or 19 on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each of sentences in the following questions.
She tried very hard to pass the driving test She could hardly pass it.
