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Câu hỏi:

27/08/2021 174

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learn all the other things they learn to do without being taught - to talk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle - compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end all this nonsense of grades, exams, and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one's life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, "But suppose they fail to learn something essential, some­thing they will need to get on in the world?" Don't worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.

The author fears that children will grow up into adults who are _________

A. unable to think for themselves

Đáp án chính xác

B. too independent of others

C. unable to use basic skills

D. too critical of themselves

Trả lời:

verified Giải bởi qa.haylamdo.com

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Tác giả lo rằng những đứa trẻ lớn lên sẽ trở thành những người lớn mà ________.

A. Không thể tự suy nghĩ

B. Quá phụ thuộc vào người khác

C. Không thể sử dụng những kĩ năng cơ bản

D. Qua khắt khe với bản thân

Giải thích: Tác giả phê bình việc chỉ ra lỗi sai của trẻ và sửa nó giúp trẻ. Như vậy có thể suy ra là nếu cứ tiếp tục như vậy thì khi lớn lên, không ai chỉ cho, nó sẽ không thể độc lập suy nghĩ. Dễ nhầm lẫn với B nhưng phương án B chỉ đúng khi còn nhỏ, nó phụ thuộc vào thầy cô và cha mẹ để giúp nó, còn khi trưởng thành thì kết quả là nó không suy nghĩ được, đáp án A.

Bài dịch

Hãy để trẻ em học cách tự đánh giá hoạt động của mình. Một đứa trẻ tập nói không học bằng cách lúc nào cũng được sửa lỗi sai. Nếu sửa quá nhiều, nó sẽ không nói nữa. Nó nhận ra những khác biệt trong ngôn ngữ nó sử dụng và ngôn ngữ những người xung quanh sử dụng hàng ngàn lần mỗi ngày. Dần dần, nó thay đổi để giống những người khác. Tương tự như thế, trẻ em học tất cả những điều mà chúng phải học để làm mà không hề được dạy - như là nói chuyện, chạy, leo trèo, huýt sáo, đi xe đạp - đối chiếu sự thể hiện của mình với cái của những người điêu luyện hơn và từ từ thực hiện những thay đổi cần thiết. Nhưng ở trường, chúng ta không bao giờ cho trẻ cơ hội để tìm ra những sai lầm của chính mình, để tự mình sửa chữa. Chúng ta làm tất cả cho lũ trẻ. Chúng ta hành động như thể chúng ta nghĩ rằng nó sẽ không bao giờ nhận ra lỗi sai nếu chúng ta không chỉ ra cho nó, hoặc nó sẽ không bao giờ sửa lỗi trừ khi nó bị bắt phải sửa. Chẳng bao lâu sau nó sẽ phụ thuộc vào giáo viên. Hãy để nó tự làm điều đó. Hãy để lũ trẻ tự tìm ra, với sự giúp đỡ của các bạn khác nếu nó cần, xem từ này nói gì, câu trả lời cho bài toán đó là gì, cho dù đó có phải là cách tốt nhất hay không. Nếu đó là một vấn để đúng hay sai, ví dụ như trong toán hoặc khoa học, hãy đưa cho đứa trẻ sách giải. Để cho trẻ tự chữa bài của chúng. Tại sao chúng ta, những giáo viên lại lãng phí thời gian cho những quyển sách bình thường hàng ngày như vậy? Công việc của chúng ta là giúp đỡ lũ trẻ khi chúng nói rằng chúng không thể tìm cách làm đúng. Hãy chấm dứt tất cả những thử ngớ ngẩn như điểm số, thi cử, chấm điểm. Hãy ném hết chúng đi, hãy để lũ trẻ học tất cả những gì mà một người có học phải học, cách để đánh giá mức độ hiểu biết, cách để biết xem chúng biết những gì và không biết những gì.

Hãy để chúng tiếp cận vấn để theo cách tốt nhất cho chúng, cộng thêm sự hỗ trợ từ giáo viên nếu chúng cần. Ý nghĩ về việc có một lượng kiến thức nhất định phải học ở trường để sử dụng trong suốt cuộc đời còn lại thật là vô lí trong một thế giới phức tạp và thay đổi nhanh chóng như hiện nay. Những ông bố bà mẹ và giáo viên lo lắng cho rằng: “Nhưng nếu lỡ chúng không học được những thứ thiết yếu, những thứ mà chúng sẽ cần để bước vào đời?” Không cần lo lắng, nếu nó thật sự cần thiết, chúng sẽ ra thế giới bên ngoài kia và tự học được.

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Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people's. In the same way, children learn all the other things they learn to do without being taught - to talk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle - compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end all this nonsense of grades, exams, and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

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If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can't find the way to get the right answer. Let's end all this nonsense of grades, exams, and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must someday learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

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