Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
PERCEPTIONS OF ANIMALS ACROSS CULTURES
When living and working in another country, there are numerous things to consider apart from the more obvious ones of climate, language, religion, currency, etc. Some important considerations are less obvious. For example, do you have a pet or do you enjoy a hobby such as horse riding? Your animal or hobby may be perceived in a completely different light in another culture so it’s important to consider the significance given to specific animals in different parts of the world and general perceptions towards them.
One example which is often mentioned in popular press is the case of dogs. In some cultures,
like the US or UK, dogs are loved and considered a great pet to have at home and with the family. In other cultures, such as those where Islam is the majority religion, dogs may be perceived as dirty or dangerous. Muslims treatment of dogs is still a matter of debate amongst Islamic scholars, while these animals are widely considered by many Western cultures to be “mans best friend”, the Koran describes them as “unhygienic”. Muslims will therefore avoid touching a dog unless he can wash his hands immediately afterwards, and they will almost never keep a dog in their home.
In Iran, for instance, a cleric once denounced “the moral depravity” of dog owners and even demanded their arrest. If you are an international assignee living and working in Saudi Arabia or another Arabic country, you should remember this when inviting Arab counterparts to your house in case you have a dog as a pet. This is just one example of how Islam and other cultural beliefs can impact on aspects of everyday life that someone else may not even question. A Middle Eastern man might be very surprised when going to Japan, for instance, and seeing dogs being dressed and pampered like humans and carried around in baby prams!
Dogs are not the only animals which are perceived quite differently from one culture to another. In India, for example, cows are sacred and are treated with the utmost respect. Conversely in Argentina, beef is a symbol of national pride because of its tradition and the high quality of its cuts. An Indian working in Argentina who has not done his research or participated in a cross cultural training programme such as Doing Business in Argentina may be surprised at his first welcome dinner with his Argentinean counterparts where a main dish of beef would be served.
It is therefore crucial to be aware of the specific values assigned to objects or animals in different cultures to avoid faux-pas or cultural misunderstandings, particularly when living and working in another culture. Learning how people value animals and other symbols around the world is one of the numerous cultural examples discussed in Communicaid’s intercultural training courses. Understanding how your international colleagues may perceive certain animals can help you ensure you aren’t insensitive and it may even provide you with a good topic for conversation.
(Source: https. //www.communicaid.com)
What does the author suggest in the last paragraph?
A. Talking about different perceptions with others will help you overcome insensitivity.
B. To avoid cultural shocks, people should not live or work in another culture.
C. It’s important to value the objects or animals in different countries before going there.
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Đáp án D
Dịch đề. Tác giả đề nghị điều gì ở đoạn văn cuối cùng?
A. Bàn luận về các nhận thức khác nhau với người khác sẽ giúp bạn vượt qua sự thiếu nhạy cảm.
B. Để tránh những cú sốc văn hóa, mọi người không nên sống hoặc làm việc ở một nền văn hóa khác.
C. Điều quan trọng là phải coi trọng các đồ vật hoặc loài động vật ở các quốc gia khác nhau trước khi đến đó.
D. Hiểu được những nhận thức khác nhau về động vật sẽ giúp bạn tránh những hành động sai lầm ở một quốc gia khác.
Trích bài: It is therefore crucial to be aware of the specific values assigned to objects or animals in different cultures to avoid faux-pas or cultural misunderstandings, particularly when living and working in another culture.
Tạm dịch: Do đó, điều quan trọng là phải nhận thức được các giá trị cụ thể được gán cho các đối tượng hoặc loài vật ở các nền văn hóa khác nhau để tránh những hành động xấu hổ hoặc sự hiểu lầm về văn hóa, đặc biệt là khi sống và làm việc ở một nền văn hóa khác.
→ Thông tin ủng hộ đáp án DRead the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways: they provide him with wood and other products, they give him shade, and they help to prevent drought and floods.
Unfortunately, in many parts of the world man has not realized that the third of these services is the most important. In his eagerness to draw quick profit from the trees, he has cut them down in large numbers, only to find that without them he has lost the best friends he had.
Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It gained the empire but, without its trees, its soil became hard and poor. When the empire fell to pieces, the country found itself faced by floods and starvation.
Even though a government realizes the importance of a plentiful supply of trees, it is difficult for it to persuade the villager to see this. The villager wants wood to cook his food
with, and he can earn money by making charcoal or selling wood to the townsman. He is usually too lazy or too careless to plant and look after trees. So unless the government has a good system of control, or can educate the people, the forests will slowly disappear.
This does not only mean that there will be fewer trees. The results are even more serious. For where there are trees their roots break the soil up, allowing the rain to sink in and also bind the soil, thus preventing it being washed away easily, but where there are no trees, the soil becomes hard and poor. The rain falls on hard ground and flows away on the surface, causing floods and carrying away with it the rich topsoil, in which crops grow so well, when all the topsoil is gone, nothing remains but a worthless desert.
In the writer's opinion, _____________, or the forests slowly disappear.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
“Please, let my child go!” she begged the kidnapper.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
There is no excuse for your late submission! You_____________the report by last Monday.
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on you answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
My parents lent me the money. _____________, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
I demand to know how this vase_____________, and no one is leaving till I find out.
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