Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 25.

The invention of the mobile phone has undoubtedly revolutionized the way people communicate and influenced every aspect of our lives. The issue is whether this technological innovation has done more harm than good.

In order to (21)______ the question, we must first turn to the type of consumer. Presumably, most parents buy mobile phones for their teenagers to track their whereabouts and ensure their safety. We can also assume that most teenagers want mobile phones to avoid missing out (22)______ social contact. In this context, the advantages are clear. However, we cannot deny the fact that text messages have been used by bullies to intimidate fellow students. There is also (23)______ evidence that texting has affected literacy skills.

The ubiquitous use of the mobile phone has, (24)______ question, affected adult consumers, too. What employee, on the way home from work, would be reluctant to answer a call from their boss? Apparently, only 18% of us, according to a recent survey, are willing to switch off our mobile phones once we’ve left the office.

Admittedly, mobile phones can be intrusive but there are obvious benefits to possessing one. Personally speaking, they are invaluable when it comes to making social or business arrangements at short (25)______. According to a recent survey, they also provide their owners with a sense of security in emergency situations.

In conclusion, mobile phones do have their drawbacks, but these are outweighed by the benefits. I would

argue that it is not the tool that chooses its purpose, but the user

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

Hospitality

Hospitality - looking after visitors - is universal but in different cultures hostsare (1)______to receive guests in different ways.

In much of the ancient world it was the custom to provide passing travellers with food and water. Today some old customs have (2)_______. In a traditional Japanese household, if a guest admires a particular object in the house, the host will want to give it to the guest straight away. And in parts of Russia guests are greeted with bread and salt on a special cloth.The guest is (3)______to kiss them and hand them back to the host. Sometimes the guest breaks off a small piece of bread, dips it in the salt and eats it.

In some countries, when foreign guests arrive from abroad, they may feel they have been given a particularly (4)______meal. But this is probably because the host politely offers more and more food and

drink and the guest is too embarrassed to (5)_______anything down.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 36 to 40.

TATTOOING: AN ANCIENT TRADITION

Tattooing is an old art. In ancient Greece, people who had tattoos were regarded as members of the upper classes. On the other hand, tattooing was (36) __________ in Europe by the early Christians, who thought that it was a sinful thing to do. It was not until the late 18th century, when Captain Cook saw South Sea

Islander decorating their bodies with tattoos that attitudes began to change. Sailors came back from these islands with pictures of Christ on their backs and from then on, tattooing (37)__________ in popularity. A survey by the French army in 1881 showed that among the 387 men (38) __________there were 1,333 designs.

the guest is too embarrassed to (5)_______anything down.

Read the passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks from 16 to 20.