Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the question.

The world needs to do more to prepare for the impact of a rapidly ageing population, the UN has warned - particularly in developing countries. Within 10 years the number of people aged over 60 will pass one billion, a report by the UN Population Fund said. The demographic shift will present huge challenges to countries' welfare, pension and healthcare systems. The UN agency also said more had to be done to tackle "abuse, neglect and violence against older persons".

The number of older people worldwide is growing faster than any other age group. The report, Ageing in the 21st Century: A Celebration and a Challenge, estimates that one in nine people around the world are older than 60. The elderly population is expected to swell by 200 million in the next decade to surpass one billion, and reach two billion by 2050. This rising proportion of older people is a consequence of success - improved nutrition, sanitation, healthcare, education and economic well-being are contributing factors, the report says.

But the UN and a charity that also contributed to the report, Help Age International, say the ageing population is being widely mismanaged. "In many developing countries with large populations of young people, the challenge is that governments have not put policies and practices in place to support their current older populations or made enough preparations for 2050," the agencies said in a joint statement.

(Source: www.ieltsbuddy.com)

Which of the following could be the main topic of the passage?

Laura is asking Tom for his idea about a vacation at the beach.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

My Mum said I had to do all the ironing as a punishment, but I am hoping she will let me off.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.

Tom is inviting Linda to his birthday party.

Tom: “Would you like to come to my birthday party next week?"

Linda: “__________________’’

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

In The Sociology of Science, ________ a classic, Robert Merton discusses cultural, economic and social forces that contributed to the development of modern science.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

When I told my family I wanted to be a professional musician, I faced a______of criticism from my parents, who strongly disapproved of the idea.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions.

Accumulations of sand can be formed by the action of waves on coastal beaches.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

A scientist said robots will be more intelligent than humans by 2029. The scientist's name is Ray Kurzweil. He works for Google as Director of Engineering. He is one of the world’s leading experts on (33) ______ intelligence (A.l). Mr Kurzweil believes computers will be able to learn from experiences, just like humans. He also thinks they will be able to tell jokes and stories, and even flirt. Kurzweil‘s 2029 prediction is a lot sooner than many people thought. The scientist said that in 1999, many A.I. experts said it would be hundreds of years (34) ____ a computer was more intelligent than a human. He said that it would not be long before computer (35) ______ is one billion times more powerful than the human brain.

Mr Kurzweil joked that many years ago, people thought he was a little crazy for predicting computers would be as intelligent as humans. His thinking has stayed the same but everyone else has changed the way they think. He said: “My views are not radical any more. I've actually stayed (36) ______. It's the rest of the world that's changing its View.” He highlighted examples of high-tech things we use, see or read about every day. These things make us believe that computers have intelligence. He said people think differently now: "Because the public has seen things like Siri (the iPhone’s voice-recognition technology) (37) ______ you talk to a computer, they've seen the Google self-driving cars."

(Source: https://breakingnewsenglish.com)

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

The river has been polluted with toxic waste from local factories.