Read the following passage and answer the questions

Ballpoint pen is a pen that has, as its name says, ball at its point which rotates when dragged across the writing surface and leaves behind ink that comes from the reservoir of the pen. Ball at the point can be of different diameter and can be made of brass, steel, or tungsten carbide. It is today the most widespread writing instrument and has literally changed the way we write.

   Trying to invent a pen which can write on leather, a tanner John J. Loud invented the first ballpoint pen and patented it in 1888 in America. This pen had a small steel ball which was placed so it could not fall out nor fall in but it still could rotate freely. This invention was not commercially viable and could not be used for writing. Because of that patent lapsed in time.

What can ball at the point be made of?

15.Complete the sentences, using the form of the words in brackets.

1.   Anna asked me if the astronaut’s costumes were made from                  . clothing.(breath)

2.   After going through a storm, the plane began shaking                             . (controllable)

3.   We definitely cannot live on the planet shown in this photo because it is                       . (water)

4.   Mr. Amstrong is working in a                              space which has no gravity. (weight)

5.   The story talked about a                           who wanted to occupy the spaceship.(terrorism)

6.   When astronauts have trouble in outer space, they must act                                . (appropriate)

7.   I feel                      in the chat room because they are discussing a totallystrange topic.(visible)

8.  Hung has some                                    skills in speaking English with foreigners.(communicate

14. Write the correct form of the words to complete the sentences.

1.   He always has a big smile. He is always                          . (cheer)

2.   Now she is very tired, because she spent a                       night.(rest)

3.   That old man has a bad memory. He is                            . (forget)

4.   He does not care about his actions. He is often                            . (thought)

5.   You should throw this pen away. It is                  . (use)

6.   The man does not pay attention to mistakes. He is                      . (care)

7.   The picture has many colours. It is very                           .(colour)

8.   We enjoyed the party. It was very                        . (joy)

9.   She did not show any fear. She was                     .(fear)

10. He does not have any friends. He is                     .(friend)

13.The word in brackets at the end of each of the following sentences can be used to form a word that fits suitably in the blank.

1.   Children have to moral lessons in school to avoid behavior of                           in future. (morality)

2.   If you don’t go to work regularly, you will be punished for                                in work.(regularity)

3.   In our country, men and women are equal. No one supports gender                               .(equality)

4.   Every young man undergoing military training is bound to experience                          . (comfort)

5.   Tom’s failure was due not to                                but to his own mistakes.(fortune)

6.   He is a notorious                           who robbed a bank yesterday.(crime)

7.   It is forbidden to hunt for that kind of bird. It has been listed as one ofthe                     species.(danger)

8.   The weather was terrible, so we had a very                                  holiday.(please)

9.   The                                    of the new guest caused trouble to me. (arrive)

10.                               to the school is by examination only. (admit)

11. He wanted a divorce because his wife had been                          . (faith)

12. Ididn’t know who it was- with a mask on, she was completely                           . (recognize)

13. “This is not a good essay’ said the lecture. “I find your arguments                     ”. (convince)

14. Traveling in an aero plane for the first time was a                       experience.(memory)

15. In winter it is important for farmers to provide food and            fortheir animals. (warm)

12.Use the correct form of the words given to complete the sentences.

1.   Robots save workers from performing                                         tasks.(danger)

2.   One disadvantage of robots is its high cost of the                                    . (produce)

3.   Robots are being used in both                              manufacturing and the                        field. (industry - medicine)

4.   There is no                                    reason why Japan will not be able to makeprogress in robotics. (technology)

5.   The key to YouTube’s success is the                               for anyone fromanywhere in the world to broadcast themselves for free.(able)

6.   Due to the                                     in the science and technology, impossiblethings have become possible.

7.   Robots increase worker                                        by preventing accidents sincehumans are not performing                                    jobs.(safe - risk)

8.   As a                                               (science), Professor Tran Dai Nghia set anexample as a true                        (research) who devoted himself tothe            (science) career.

9.   Hellen isn’t a great                                    of biotechnology.(admire)

10. Paul’s uncle has worked as a                                for twelve years.(conservation)

11.Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1.                     Charlie Chaplin was born in London, England. (legend)

2.   In Canada, there are a lot of                     from various countries.(refuge)

3.   Lake Wanaka is a                          scenery in New Zealand.(spectacle)

4.   The Sydney Opera House is an                            monument of Australia.(icon)

5.   The                        originates in Ireland and its associated islands. (Ireland)

6.   The Canadians are native                          of English.(speak)

7.   English is an                                 language of France. (official)

8.   Thuy                                  loves the koala in Australia.(absolute)

9.   The violation of that company was                                  yesterday.(exposure)

10. Do storm water and the atmosphere bring non- point source                               ? (pollution)

10.Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1.   Light pollution make us                            to see the stars in the sky. (able)

2.   Noise is considered as                               pollution. (environment)

3.   The soil becomes                          because of the use of so many pesticides andfertilizers. (contaminate)

4.                                 waste spills can contaminate groundwater. (industry)

5.                                 habitats have been destroyed in recent years. (nature)

6.   A number of cleaning products contain                            chemicals. (harm)

7.   Water samples collected at these villages were seriously                                                 with bacteria. (contaminate)

8.   People believe that the                              water has brought cancer tothe local residents. (pollute)

9.   In many developing countries, water pollution is usually a leading cause of                  . (die)

10.                               elements have been found in both ground and underground water sources. (pollute)

11. Fish and many other animals are killed by                                   in their habitat. (pollute)

12. Astronomers are concerned about light pollution because they have                              in viewing activities in the sky and outer space. (difficult)

7.Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1.   Is he                                  to break the customs of her family? (permission)

2.   Today, we are going to discuss the                                   of traditions.(necessary)

3.   The offspring will follow the customs without                            . (oblige)

4.   My dad is the                                of this wedding anniversary party.(hostess)

5.   Do you have to follow the traditions                                ? (strict)

6.   Ao dai is one of the                       items of Vietnam. (tradition)

7.   She was taught a lot                      skills by my parents.(society)

8.   In some ethnic groups, the elderly                        their next generations to accept the customs.(obligation)

9.   I have learned several                               lessons from the folk tales. (morally)

10. We were impressed by the                                    of Ha Long Bay. (beautiful)

6.Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.

1.   Nga eats more                               than Tung does because she likes fast food.(healthy)

2.   Viet Nam is a                                country with different peoples, religions and traditions. (cultural)

3.   Most of the Central Highlands is                          . (mountain)

4.   The                        houses of many ethnic groups are used to worship the ancestors. (commune)

5.   To become friendlier, you should                         with your workmates.(socialisation)

6.   Paul used to be                              to soft drinks, but now he seldom drinks them.(addiction)

7.   Like my aunt, I want to become a professional dog                                . (train)

8.   I am                       of her hometown with a lot of paddy fields.(envy)

9.   The cattle are herded to a new pasture by the                              . (nomadic)

10. Do villagers today dress                           as in the past? (tradition)