Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 46 to 50 

     The word robot first appeared in a 1921 stage play by Czech writer Karel Capek. In the play, a man makes a machine that can think, which he calls a robot and which ends up killing its owner. In the 1940s, the American science fiction writer Isaac Asimov wrote a series of stories about robots and invented the term robotics, the science of robots. Meanwhile, in the real world, the first robots were developed by an engineer, Joseph F. Engelberger, and an inventor, George C. Devol. Together they started Unimation, a manufacturing company that produces the first real robot in 1961, called the Unimate. Robots of this type were installed at a General Motors automobile plant and proved to be a success. They worked reliably and saved money for General Motors, so other companies were soon acquiring robots as well. These industrial robots were nothing like the terrifying creatures that can often be seen in science fiction films. In fact, these robots looked and behaved nothing like humans. They were simply pieces of computer-controlled machinery, with metal "arms” or “hands". Since they were made of metal, they could perform certain jobs that were difficult or dangerous for humans, particularly jobs that involve high heat. And since robots were tireless and never got hungry, sleepy, or distracted, they were useful for tasks that would be tiring or boring for humans. Industrial robots have been improved over the years, and today they are used in many factories around the world. Though the use of robots has meant the loss of some jobs, at the same time other jobs have been created in the design, development, and production of the robots. 

Rise of the Robots, Silicon Valley Entrepreneur, Martin Ford, 1988.

What is Unimation?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from from 29 to 33 

     Urbanization programs are being carried out in many parts of the world, especially in densely (29) ______ regions with limited land and resources. It is the natural outcome of economic development and industrialization. It has brought a lot of benefits to our society. However, it also (30) ________ various problems for local authorities and town planners in the process of maintaining sustainable urbanization, especially in developing countries. 

     When too many people cram into a small area, urban infrastructure can't be effective. There will be a (31) ________ of livable housing, energy and water supply. This will create overcrowded urban districts with no proper facilities. Currently, fast urbanization is taking place predominantly in developing countries where sustainable urbanization has little relevance to people's lives. Their houses are just shabby slums with poor sanitation. Their children only manage to get basic education. Hence, the struggle for (32) _________ is their first priority rather than anything else. Only when the quality of their existence is improved, can they seek (33) ________ other high values in their life.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the bolded part in each of the following questions from 10 to 11

He didn't bat an eyelid when he realized he failed the exam again. 

_________, they were surprised to find their favourite band playing there. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions from 4 to 5

Paul noticed a job advertisement while he __________ along the street. 

What is not true about Taras Gresco according to the reading passage? 

Peter used to work as a journalist for a local newspaper. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions from 4 to 5

"I haven't been very open-minded," said the manager. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions from 1 to 3 

They believe that burning fossil fuels is the main cause of air pollution. 

If you watch this film, you ________ about the cultures of Southeast Asian countries. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 12 to 26

- “Are you thinking of flying business class?” - “_____________.” 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair sentences in the following questions from 8 to 9

Beef contains vitamins. Generally, fish contains almost the same vitamins as beef.