Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Mary was very disappointed. However, she tried to keep calm. 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each the numbered blanks.

Our position in the family is one of the factors (29) _______ strongly affect our personality. The eldest or first born children get maximum (30) _______ from their parents and the result is that they are usually self confident and ambitious people. Firstborns are also responsible because they often have to look after their younger brothers or sisters. (31) _______, they can be quite bossy and dominant as they often give orders and are fearful of losing position. Middle children are usually sociable since they have other children to play with. They are good at peacemaking and compromising. Yet, on the negative side, (32) _______ children can be jealous and moody ones. The youngest in a family is probably quite a relaxed person and some are often lazy. This is because they always have someone in the family to help them. Yet, they are charming and (33) _______ have a good sense of humor and know how to manipulate others when they want to get their way.

He tried to ________ himself with everyone by paying then compliments. 

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Scientists hope that this new drug will be a major breakthrough in the fight against Covid-19. 

According to the passage, people ________ as cities have little space for gardens. 

According to the passage, the program "Pop Idol",_______ 

Tom may get into hot water when driving at full speed after drinking wine. 

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

The girl who were injured in the accident is now in hospital. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

No one in our club can speak English as fluently as Mai. 

Many of the pictures _________ from outer space are presently on display in the public library. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

REALITY TELEVISION

Reality television is a genre of television programming which, (it is claimed), presents an unscripted dramatic or humorous situation, documents actual events, and features ordinary rather than professional actors. It could be described as a form of artificial or "heightened" documentary. Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television, the current explosion of popularity dates from around 2000. 

Reality television covers a wide range of television programming formats, from game or quiz shows which resemble the frantic, often demeaning programmes produced in Japan in the 1980s and 1990s (a modern example is Gaki no Tsukai), to surveillance-or voyeurism-focused productions such as Big Brother. 

Critics say that the term "reality television” is somewhat of a misnomer and that such shows frequently portray a modifies and highly influenced form of reality, with participants put in exotic location or abnormal situations, sometimes coached to act in certain ways by off-screen handlers, and with events on screen manipulated through editing and other post-production techniques. 

Part of reality television's appeal is due to its ability to place ordinary people in extraordinary situations, For example, on the ABC show, The Bachelor, an eligible male dates a dozen women simultaneously, traveling on extraordinary dates to scenic locales. Reality television also has the potential to turn its participants into national celebrities, outwardly in talent and performance programs such as Pop Idol, though frequently Survivor and Big Brother participants also reach some degree of celebrity. 

Some commentators have said that the name “reality television" is an inaccurate description for several styles of program included in the genre. In competition-based programs such as Big Brother and Survivor, and other special-living-environment shows like The Real World, the producers design the format of the show and control the day-to-day activities and the environment, creating a completely fabricated world in which the competition plays out. Producers specifically select the participants, and use carefully designed scenarios, challenges, events, and settings to encourage particular behaviours and conflicts. Mark Burnett, creator of Survivor and other reality shows, has agreed with this assessment, and avoids the word “reality" to describe his shows; he has said, "I tell good stories. It really is not reality TV. It really is unscripted drama."

In the first line, the writer says "it is claimed” because __________