Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions
I left school and university with my head packed full of knowledge; enough of it, anyway, to pass all the examinations that were put in my path. As a well-educated man I rather expected my work to be a piece of cake, something at which my intellect would allow me to excel without undue effort. It came as something of a shock, therefore, encounter the world outside for the first time, and to realize that I was ill-equipped, not only for the necessary business of earning a living, but more importantly, for coping with all the new decisions which came my way, in both life and work.
I was soon to discover that my mind had been trained to deal with closed problems, whereas most of what I now had to deal with were open-ended problems. 'What is the cost of sales?' is a closed problem, one with a right or a wrong answer. 'What should we do about it?' is an open problem, one with any number of possible answers, and I had no experience of taking this type of decision.
I had been educated in an individualist culture. My scores were mine. No one else into it, except as competitors in some imagined race. I was on my own in the learning game at school and university. Not so in my work, I soon realized. Being an individual star would not help me there if it was in a failing group. I had discovered, rather later than most, the necessity of others.
So much of the content of what I had learned was irrelevant, while the process of learning it had cultivated a set of attitudes and behaviors which were directly opposed to what seemed to be needed in real life. Although I had studied philosophy, I hadn't applied it to myself. It would be nice to think that our schools today prepare people better for life and for work. The subjects may appear to be a little more relevant, but we are still left to learn about work at work, and about life by living it. I believe we could do more to make sure that the process of education had more in common with the processes of living and working as they are today, so that the shock of reality is less cruel.
A. The necessity of being exposed to the harsh reality.
B. The complexity of the world outside.
C. The urgent need for educational reforms.
D. The gap between education and the real world.
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Giải thích:
Bài đọc chủ yếu bàn về điều gì?
A. Sự cần thiết của việc tiếp xúc với thực tế phũ phàng.
B. Sự phức tạp của thế giới bên ngoài.
C. Yêu cầu cấp thiết của cải cách giáo dục.
D. Khoảng cách giữa giáo dục và thế giới thực.
Thông tin: It came as something of a shock, therefore, encounter the world outside for the first time, and to realize that I was ill-equipped, not only for the necessary business of earning a living, but more importantly, for coping with all the new decisions which came my way, in both life and work.
Tạm dịch: Do đó, nó đến như một cú sốc, lần đầu tiên chạm mặt với thế giới bên ngoài, và tôi nhận ra rằng mình đã không trang bị đủ, không chỉ cho công việc cần thiết để kiếm sống, mà quan trọng hơn, để đối phó với tất cả những quyết định xảy đến với tôi, trong cả cuộc sống và công việc.
Chọn D.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions
Last night, she _______ a big diamond ring by her husband-to-be at her birthday party
When you grow up, you must learn how to become independent _______ your parents.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks
Light pollution is the existence of too much unwanted, artificial light in the environment. Too much light pollution has (5) _______ effects on people. It upsets ecosystems, has bad health effects, and wastes energy.
In upsetting ecosystems, light pollution poses a serious threat in particular to night wildlife, having damaging impacts on plant and animal physiology. It can affect the migratory patterns of animals, change competitive interactions of animals, and cause physiological harm. The rhythm of life as we know it is controlled by the natural daily patterns of light and dark. (6) _______, the disruption to these patterns does harm to the ecological dynamics.
With respect to adverse health effects, many species, especially humans, are dependent on natural body cycles, and the production of melatonin, (7) _______ are regulated by light and dark (e.g., day and night). If humans are exposed to light while sleeping, melatonin production can be affected. This can lead to sleep disorders and (8) _______ health problems such as increased headaches, worker fatigue, stress, some forms of obesity due to lack of sleep and increased anxiety. Health effects are not only due to over-illumination or excessive (9) _______ of light over time, but also improper spectral composition of light.
Although they hold similar political views, their religious beliefs present a striking contrast.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions
