Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions 

     A recent study suggests that teens' relationship with parents, friends and teachers may have a lot to do with why they don't get a good night's sleep. 

     David Maume, a sociologist and sleep researcher, analyzed federal health data, which interviewed 974 teenagers when they were 12, and then again at 15. He found that family dynamics have much to do with how well kids sleep. Teens, who had warm relations with their parents and felt like they could talk to them or their parents were supportive of them, tended to sleep better. However, families that were going through a divorce or a remarriage tended to affect teens' sleep. 

     And problems at school also affected teens' sleep. Feeling safe at school and having good relations with teachers tended to promote better sleep. As did good relationships with friends. Kids who took part in sports or other positive social activities or shared similar academic goals with their friends were also more likely to get a good night's sleep. 

     These add up to what makes lots of sense: a general feeling of well-being helps teens sleep. If we're happy and contented, we're much more likely to sleep better than if we're sad and anxious. Now, of course, teens can hardly resist being drawn to their computers and social networking. Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better. It's a finding that seems obvious, but parents really do matter when it comes to health habits of their teenagers. Clearly, teenagers aren't getting 9 to 10 hours a night, which puts them at risk for all the consequences of lack of sleep, including poor academic performance, colds and stress.

What is the passage mainly about? 

Last night, she _______ a big diamond ring by her husband-to-be at her birthday party

When you grow up, you must learn how to become independent _______ your parents.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks 

     Light pollution is the existence of too much unwanted, artificial light in the environment. Too much light pollution has (5) _______ effects on people. It upsets ecosystems, has bad health effects, and wastes energy.

     In upsetting ecosystems, light pollution poses a serious threat in particular to night wildlife, having damaging impacts on plant and animal physiology. It can affect the migratory patterns of animals, change competitive interactions of animals, and cause physiological harm. The rhythm of life as we know it is controlled by the natural daily patterns of light and dark. (6) _______, the disruption to these patterns does harm to the ecological dynamics. 

     With respect to adverse health effects, many species, especially humans, are dependent on natural body cycles, and the production of melatonin, (7) _______ are regulated by light and dark (e.g., day and night). If humans are exposed to light while sleeping, melatonin production can be affected. This can lead to sleep disorders and (8) _______ health problems such as increased headaches, worker fatigue, stress, some forms of obesity due to lack of sleep and increased anxiety. Health effects are not only due to over-illumination or excessive (9) _______ of light over time, but also improper spectral composition of light.

Although they hold similar political views, their religious beliefs present a striking contrast.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions