Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The coming decades will witness considerable changes in the way energy is supplied and utilized. In some major oil-producing nations "peak oil" has already been reached, and they are unable to manufacture so much oil as in the past. Consequently, many countries are focusing on the switch to a low carbon economy considering global warming as well. This transition will lead to major changes in the supply and use of electricity. To meet these challenges, countries are investing in Smart Grid technology.
Smart Grid technology basically involves the application of a computer system to the electricity network. The computer system can be used to collect information about supply and demand. With better information about electricity demand, the network will be able to increase the amount of electricity delivered per unit generated, leading to potential reductions in fuel needs and carbon emissions.
Smart Grid technology brings benefits to the consumer too. They will be able to collect real-time information on their energy use. Varying tariffs throughout the day will give customers the incentive to use appliances at times when supply greatly exceeds demand, leading to great reductions in bills. Smart meters can also be connected to the internet or telephone system, allowing customers to switch appliances on or off remotely.
However, we are facing a range of challenges related to these changes. The first involves managing the supply and demand. Sources of renewable energy such as wind, wave and solar are notoriously unpredictable, and nuclear power, which is also set to increase as nations switch to alternative energy sources is inflexible. With oil and gas, it is relatively simple to increase the supply of energy to match the increasing demand during peak times of the day or year. With alternative sources, this is far more difficult, and may lead to blackouts or system collapse. Potential solutions include investigating new and efficient ways to store energy and encouraging consumers to use electricity at off-peak times.
Another problem is that a number of renewable power generation sources are located in remote areas, such as windy uplands and coastal regions, where there is a lack of electrical infrastructure. New infrastructures therefore must be built. Thankfully, with improved smart technology, this can be done more efficiently by reducing the reinforcement or construction costs.
Though Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could practically work and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure. Cities are prime candidates for investment into smart energy, due to the high population density and high energy use it is here where Smart Technology is likely to be promoted first utilising a range of sustainable power sources, transport solutions and an infrastructure for charging electrically powered vehicles. The infrastructure is already changing fast. By the year 2050, changes in the energy supply will have transformed our homes, our roads and our behavior.
A. The supply of oil is unpredictable
B. They are unwilling to sell their oil any more
C. They are not producing as much oil as they used to
D. Global warming more severe here than in other countries
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Giải thích:
Theo đoạn 1, điều gì đã xảy ra ở một số nước sản xuất dầu mỏ?
A. Nguồn cung dầu là không thể đoán trước
B. Họ không muốn bán dầu của họ nữa
C. Họ không sản xuất nhiều dầu như trước đây
D. Sự nóng lên toàn cầu ở đây nghiêm trọng hơn so với các nước khác
Thông tin: In some major oil-producing nations "peak oil" has already been reached, and they are unable to manufacture so much oil as in the past.
Tạm dịch: Ở một số quốc gia sản xuất dầu lớn, "đỉnh dầu" (đề cập đến điểm giả thuyết mà tại đó sản lượng dầu thô toàn cầu sẽ đạt mức tối đa, sau đó sản lượng sẽ bắt đầu giảm) đã đạt đến, và họ không thể sản xuất nhiều dầu như trước đây.
Chọn C.
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
People all around the world are more and more associated with social networking, (5) _____ is a useful tool for those in the digital era. Social networking aims at promoting and aiding communication. (6) _____, this type of technology may be doing more (7) _____ than good. It is not only changing how we communicate, but how we associate with each other in everyday life. Sarah Zay, of USA Today, expressed that “With the growth of websites such as Facebook, social networking may be (8) _____ of replacing traditional personal interactions for the future generation”. Traditional interactions will continue to be at risk if we don’t (9) _____ the impacts of our social media. Social networking affects our lives in many ways, including our communication, self-expression, bullying, isolations, companionships, and even our very own sense of humanity.
"Roger, remember that you won't be able to cancel the contract __________.”
These fish live _________ small sea creatures such as the shrimps.
We must get to the ________ of the problem and solve it once and for all.
The gardener told me that everything __________ by the end of the year.
I can't figure out Daisy's attitude toward the trip - she is blowing hot and cold about it. First she's all excited, but then she seems reluctant to go.
I'll give you some _______ of advice that can help you escape from the trouble.
Her ambition of emulating her father's success was realised after all of the hardship she had to overcome without anybody's help.
Suddenly my best friends are at odds with each other so now I have to see them separately.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in the following question.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to the following question.
It is a good idea to drink as much fruit juice as possible in order to get enough vitamins for our bodies.
