Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 5.

     A stinky gym bag in your kitchen? Who will be more upset by the smell - the men or the women in your family? (1) _______ scientists suggest that women not only smell, but feel, taste, and hear more accurately than men. 

     Take colors, for example. Ono study suggests that men are not as good as women at distinguishing between (2) _______ of color, although they focus well on rapidly changing images. As for touch, small fingers have a finer sense of touch, whether male or female. 

     Hearing is possibly one of the most debated areas, when talking about the senses. Evidence shows that boys hear as well as girls at birth, but with age, a man's hearing may soon deteriorate. (3) _______, environmental factors could play a role in this. Women may also be better at identifying different flavors (4) _______ need both taste and smell to experience, as studies have shown that they have more taste buds on their tongue. 

     Going back to the smelly gym bag - yes, it's likely that Mom will be the most (5) _______ out by it. But is that because women's brains have more 'smell cells' or because you were too lazy to move it?

Why are urban populations easy to get diseases from food, according to the last paragraph?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

     Many people see large urban cities as a wonder of human imagination and creativity. They represent how far the human population has come in terms of community development. Many positive things come from urbanization, but there are also negatives. This article will discuss and present data on the implications of urbanization on the physical health of humans living in these large urban areas. 

     As it would be expected, developing countries tend to see more negative physical health effects than modern countries in regard to urbanization. One example of a developing country experiencing these problems is China. China is a country that in the past 30-40 years went from being an agrarian based society to a significant industrialized country. This industrialization has in effect caused the need for more centralized cities, centralized meaning having lots of jobs and living spaces within a close proximity. This is what is known as urbanization. In most recent decades, since China’s change to being more of an industrial based economy, the country has experienced record high numbers of people migrating within its borders. In effect, the number of cities with over 500,000 people has more than doubled. These migrations are typically of people from rural areas of China moving to the new urban areas. Due to this large influx in the urban population, there are many possibilities for health challenges among these people. 

     One very common and fairly obvious negative aspect of highly congested urban areas is air pollution. Air pollution is defined as any harmful substance being suspended in the air. This could include particulate matter, most commonly attributed to industrial plants and refineries waste, or chemicals like CO2 or Methane (which are also products of plants and refineries as well as cars and other modes of transportation). Due to a vast number of people in these urbanized cities, the air pollution is known to be very extreme. These conditions can lead to many different health problems such as: Asthma, cardiovascular problems or disease, and different types of cancer (most commonly lung cancer). When exposed to these conditions for a prolonged period of time, one can experience even more detrimental health effects like the acceleration of aging, loss of lung capacity and health, being more susceptible to respiratory diseases, and a shortened life span. 

     Another way that urbanization affects the populations' health is people's change in diet. For instance, urban cities tend to have lots of accessible, quick, and easy to get food. This food is also more than likely not as high quality as well as contains a large amount of sodium and sugar. Because this food is so accessible, people tend to eat it more. This increase in consumption of low quality food can then lead to diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, obesity, or many other health conditions. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 

Efforts by the company to it prove its productivity were hampered by lack of funds.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word in each of the following questions. 

The word "laden" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _________.

According to the paragraph 2, what did the second son see in his turn?

Which best serves as the title for the passage?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. 

     There was a man who had four sons. He wanted his sons to learn not to judge things too quickly. So he sent them each on a quest, in turn, to go and look at a pear tree that was a great distance away. The first son went in the winter, the second in the spring, the third in summer, and the youngest son in the fall. When they had all gone and come back, he called them together to describe what they had seen. 

     The first son said that the tree was ugly, bent, and twisted. The second son said no - it was covered with green buds and full of promise. The third son disagreed, he said it was laden with blossoms that smelled so sweet and looked so beautiful, it was the most graceful thing he had ever seen. The last son disagreed with all of them; he said it was ripe and drooping with fruit, full of life and fulfilment. 

     The man then explained to his sons that they were all right, because they had each seen but one season in the tree's life. He told them that you cannot judge a tree, or a person, by only one season, and that the essence of who they are - and the pleasure, joy, and love that come from that life- can only be measured at the end, when all the seasons are up. If you give up when it's winter, you will miss the promise of your spring, the beauty of your summer, fulfilment of your fall. 

     Don't judge a life by one difficult season. Don't let the pain of one season destroy the joy of all the rest.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

"I'll call you as soon as I arrive at the airport”, he said to me.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. 

Children love playing in the mud, to run through the paddles, and getting very dirty.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheer to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions. 

She has much money, so she can buy a big house in the city.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions. 

Relatively little has been said, (19) ______, about the diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forest in terms of richness of life.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. 

     Coincident with concerns about the accelerating loss of species and habitats has been a growing appreciation of the importance of biological diversity, the (18) ______ of species in a particular ecosystem, to the health of the Earth and human well-being. Much has been written about the diversity of terrestrial organisms, particularly the exceptionally rich life associated tropical rainforest habitats. Relatively little has been said, (19) ______, about the diversity of life in the sea even though coral reef systems are comparable to rain forest in terms of richness of life. 

     An alien exploring Earth would probably (20) ______ priority to the planet's dominants – most distinctive feature - the ocean. Humans have a bias toward land (21) ______ sometimes gets in the way of truly examining global issues. Seen from far away, it is easy to realize that landmasses occupy only one-third of the Earth's surface. Given that two thirds of the Earth's surface is water and that marine life lives at all levels of the ocean, the total three-dimensional living space of the ocean is perhaps 100 times (22) ______ than that of land and contains more than 90 percent of all life on Earth even though the ocean has fewer distinct species.

They were deeply shocked ______ her rebellious behavior.

Vietnam ______ announcing a nationwide lockdown to fight COVID-19 on April 1, 2020.

He was offered the job thanks to his ______ performance during his job interview.

We should participate in the movements ______ to conserve the natural environments.

When the manager of our company retires, the deputy manager will ______ that position.

______ the terrible weather forecast, we decided not to travel.

Nam is motivated to study ______ he knows that a good education can improve his life.

The first week of classes at university was a little ______ because so many students get lost, change classes or go to the wrong place.

After marriage, Mrs. Hoa always keeps a good ______ with her mother-in-law.

Football is by far ______ most popular sport in the world.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheer to indicate the corrected answer to each of the following questions 

Jenifer and Kathy are in the middle of their conversation. 

Jenifer: "I believe that supermarkets are much better than traditional markets." 

Kathy: “___________. Each has its own features."