Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three tin the pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three tin the pronunciation in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Peter knew he wouldn't get __________ with cheating in the exam. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The martins have confirmed their strong __________ to charity actions by donating a lump sum of money again

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Donald Trump is the President of __________United States

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

The teacher explained the lesson twice __________ the students didn't understand it

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Most of us would maintain that physical__________does not play a major part in how we react to the people we meet

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

We sometimes go away from the city to the countryside for a __________ of fresh air

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Since engine was fired from the university, he has been forced to work in the market to earn his __________ 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

During difficult economic times, many people have to__________

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

He has no __________ of reading that book. It is "hard-to-pick-up-again".  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

On 21 February 1916, the defenders at Verdun were__________ to the heaviest bombardment that had ever occurred up to that time.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

If I __________ you were going to the post office, I would have asked you to buy me some stamps

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

Tennis fans__________ tickets have been queuing all night at Wimbledon. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

After the Zeeland disaster in 1953, when foods__________many lives, dams__________across almost all the estuaries in the south-western Netherlands

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

In order for this appliance to function__________ the safety screws must be removed

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

He had never experienced such rudeness towards the president as it occurred at the annual meeting in May

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined bold word(s) in each of the following questions

Relaxation therapy teaches one not to fret over small problems.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

The Germany's war hysteria has accounted for its people's hostility towards foreigners

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions

Our farmland was very adjacent to the river, which is quite an advantage, especially in the dry season

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Ann and Bob are talking about their weekend plan.  

     - Ann: “Let's go camping this weekend, after the 1st term exams." 

     - Bob: “__________” 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges

Two friends, Peter and Linda, are talking about pets.  

     - Peter: "Well, cats are very good at catching mice around the house".  

          - Linda: “__________” 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

SOUNDS FROM THE PAST

     Much of the music we listen to today is a mixture of styles from various countries and time periods. A lot of music has (25) __________ in older traditional songs heard in many different countries around the world. Traditional, (26) __________ music is collected over decades, if not centuries. Younger generations learn these songs from their elders through practice and repetition. 

          Since music can tell us a lot about different cultures (27) __________ its lyrics, melodies, and the instrument used, researchers and music fans see it as an essential part of history. They fear that traditional and older types of music are slowly disappearing, partly because they are less likely to be written down or recorded, or because the format in which they are recorded is no longer (28) __________ Also, younger generations may not find such music very appealing, so once older generations pass away, the music may die (29) __________ them. Whole genres of music may go extinct

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

SOUNDS FROM THE PAST

     Much of the music we listen to today is a mixture of styles from various countries and time periods. A lot of music has (25) __________ in older traditional songs heard in many different countries around the world. Traditional, (26) __________ music is collected over decades, if not centuries. Younger generations learn these songs from their elders through practice and repetition. 

          Since music can tell us a lot about different cultures (27) __________ its lyrics, melodies, and the instrument used, researchers and music fans see it as an essential part of history. They fear that traditional and older types of music are slowly disappearing, partly because they are less likely to be written down or recorded, or because the format in which they are recorded is no longer (28) __________ Also, younger generations may not find such music very appealing, so once older generations pass away, the music may die (29) __________ them. Whole genres of music may go extinct

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

SOUNDS FROM THE PAST

     Much of the music we listen to today is a mixture of styles from various countries and time periods. A lot of music has (25) __________ in older traditional songs heard in many different countries around the world. Traditional, (26) __________ music is collected over decades, if not centuries. Younger generations learn these songs from their elders through practice and repetition. 

          Since music can tell us a lot about different cultures (27) __________ its lyrics, melodies, and the instrument used, researchers and music fans see it as an essential part of history. They fear that traditional and older types of music are slowly disappearing, partly because they are less likely to be written down or recorded, or because the format in which they are recorded is no longer (28) __________ Also, younger generations may not find such music very appealing, so once older generations pass away, the music may die (29) __________ them. Whole genres of music may go extinct

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

SOUNDS FROM THE PAST

     Much of the music we listen to today is a mixture of styles from various countries and time periods. A lot of music has (25) __________ in older traditional songs heard in many different countries around the world. Traditional, (26) __________ music is collected over decades, if not centuries. Younger generations learn these songs from their elders through practice and repetition. 

          Since music can tell us a lot about different cultures (27) __________ its lyrics, melodies, and the instrument used, researchers and music fans see it as an essential part of history. They fear that traditional and older types of music are slowly disappearing, partly because they are less likely to be written down or recorded, or because the format in which they are recorded is no longer (28) __________ Also, younger generations may not find such music very appealing, so once older generations pass away, the music may die (29) __________ them. Whole genres of music may go extinct

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29  

SOUNDS FROM THE PAST

     Much of the music we listen to today is a mixture of styles from various countries and time periods. A lot of music has (25) __________ in older traditional songs heard in many different countries around the world. Traditional, (26) __________ music is collected over decades, if not centuries. Younger generations learn these songs from their elders through practice and repetition. 

          Since music can tell us a lot about different cultures (27) __________ its lyrics, melodies, and the instrument used, researchers and music fans see it as an essential part of history. They fear that traditional and older types of music are slowly disappearing, partly because they are less likely to be written down or recorded, or because the format in which they are recorded is no longer (28) __________ Also, younger generations may not find such music very appealing, so once older generations pass away, the music may die (29) __________ them. Whole genres of music may go extinct

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth-song to the child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle are kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name.  

     In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for its first walk in the big, wide world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of their tribes. Some African tribes consider that children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown-up world. They may have to carry out several tests.  

          Maasai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two-stage initiation. The first stage lasts about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised. At the second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a “manyatta" where they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Maasai herds. This stage may last a few years. When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their mothers

What does the passage mainly discuss?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth-song to the child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle are kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name.  

     In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for its first walk in the big, wide world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of their tribes. Some African tribes consider that children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown-up world. They may have to carry out several tests.  

          Maasai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two-stage initiation. The first stage lasts about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised. At the second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a “manyatta" where they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Maasai herds. This stage may last a few years. When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their mothers.

Where do people in Kenya give the name to the child?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth-song to the child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle are kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name.  

     In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for its first walk in the big, wide world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of their tribes. Some African tribes consider that children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown-up world. They may have to carry out several tests.  

          Maasai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two-stage initiation. The first stage lasts about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised. At the second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a “manyatta" where they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Maasai herds. This stage may last a few years. When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their mothers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth-song to the child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle are kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name.  

     In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for its first walk in the big, wide world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of their tribes. Some African tribes consider that children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown-up world. They may have to carry out several tests.  

          Maasai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two-stage initiation. The first stage lasts about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised. At the second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a “manyatta" where they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Maasai herds. This stage may last a few years. When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their mothers

The word "undergo” in paragraph 3 is CLOSEST in meaning to__________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 30 to 34  

     In Africa, people celebrate with joy the birth of a new baby. The Pygmies would sing a birth-song to the child. In Kenya, the mother takes the baby strapped to her back into the thorn enclosure where the cattle are kept. There, her husband and the village elders wait to give the child his or her name.  

     In West Africa, after the baby is eight days old, the mother takes the baby for its first walk in the big, wide world, and friends and family are invited to meet the new baby. In various African nations, they hold initiation ceremonies for groups of children instead of birthdays. When children reach a certain designated age, they learn the laws, beliefs, customs, songs and dances of their tribes. Some African tribes consider that children from nine to twelve are ready to be initiated into the grown-up world. They may have to carry out several tests.  

          Maasai boys around thirteen years old to seventeen undergo a two-stage initiation. The first stage lasts about three months. The boys leave their parents' homes, paint their bodies white, and are taught how to become young warriors. At the end of this stage, they have their heads shaved and they are also circumcised. At the second stage, the young warriors grow their hair long and live in a camp called a “manyatta" where they practice hunting the wild animals that might attack the Maasai herds. This stage may last a few years. When they are ready, they will marry and become owners of large cattle herds like their fathers. The girls are initiated when they are fourteen or fifteen. They are taught by the older women about the duties of marriage and how to care for babies. Soon after that they are married and lead a life similar to that of their mothers

What does the word "they" in paragraph 3 refer to? 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

     "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition". 

Today, compared with 1910, __________ 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

          "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition"

Most people are afraid of being operated on__________ 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

          "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition"

What is the similar meaning to the word "octogenarian"?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

          "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition

A patient can still live a comfortable life even after the removal of__________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

          "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition"

The word “clogged” in paragraph 3 is CLOSEST in meaning to __________

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

          "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition

Surgeons in the early 20th century compared with modern ones

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

     "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition". 

What does the word “its” in paragraph 2 refer to?  

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42  

     The need for a surgical operation, especially an emergency operation, almost always comes as a severe shock to the patient and his family. Despite modern advances, most people still have an irrational fear of hospitals and an aesthetics. Patients do riot often believe they really need surgery- cutting into a part of the body as opposed to treatment with drugs.  

     In the early year of the 20th century, there was little specialization in surgery. A good surgeon was capable of performing almost every operation that had been advised up to that time. Today the situation is different. Operations are now being carried out that were not even dreamed of fifty years ago. The heart can be safely opened and its valves repaired. Clogged blood vessels can be clean out, and broken ones mended and replaced. A lung, the whole stomach, or cvcn part of the brain can be removed and still permit the patient to live a comfortable and satisfactory life. However, not every surgeon wants to, or is qualified to carry out every type of modern operation.  

     The scope of surgery has increase remarkable in the past decades. Its safety has increased, too. Deaths from most operations are about 20% of what they were in 1910 and surgery has been extended in many directions, for example, to certain types of birth defects in new born babies, and at the other end of the scale, to life-saving operation for the octogenarian. The hospital stay after surgery has been shortened to as little as a week for most major operations. Most patients are out of bed on the day after an operation and may be back at work in two or three weeks.  

     One of the most revolutionary areas of modern surgery is that of organ transplants. Until a few decades ago, no person, except an identical twin, was able to accept into his body the tissues of another person without reacting against them and eventually killing them. Recently, however, it has been discovered that with the use of X-rays and special drugs, it is possible to graft tissues from one person to another which will survive for periods of a year or more. Kidneys have been successfully transplanted between non-identical twins. Heart and lung transplants have also been reasonably successful.

          "Spare parts" surgery, the simple routine replacement of all worn-out organs by new ones, is still a dream of the future but surgery is ready for such miracles. In the meantime, you can be happy if the doctors say to you: "Yes, I think it is possible to operate on you for this condition

The main difficulty with organ transplants is

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

The president insured during a press conference that the economic situation is under control. He said there was no doubt about it

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

When the arrival of the train was pronounced, we headed for the platform to welcome the visitors

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

I was stroking the cat which, unexpectedly, it scratched my face with its claw

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

She prefers going to the library to staying at home

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

“Have you heard of their marriage?”, said she

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions

It is said that he broke several world records.  

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

Everyone was watching the little dog. They were greatly amused at it. 

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions

The directors of the firm have agreed to a change in policy. It's up to us to implement it