Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word which differs from the other three in the position of the main stress in each of the following questions.

Based on the information in the passage, the term 'catharsis' can be best explained as _____.

The word 'they' in the passage refers to _______.

Why does the author mention Oedipus?

The word 'misfortune' in the passage is closest in meaning to __________.

According to the passage, what influence did the ancient Greeks have on plays as an art form?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 44 to 50. 

GREEK THEATER

     Plays are one of the oldest forms of literature we have. Long before there were any novels, people around the world were writing and acting out plays. One society which did much to develop plays as we know them today was the society of the ancient Greeks. Originally Greek plays began as part of a religious festival to the Greek god Dionysus, the god of song, wine, and nature. For the three days of the festival, Greek writers would present their plays. At the end of the three days, judges would choose the best play. 

     Greek plays had two forms: tragedy and comedy. Greek tragedies are now by far the most famous form of Greek play. Tragedies focus on a great character, such as a king or a great warrior. During the play, this character would suffer terrible misfortune, until at the end of the play they either were dead or had lost their status. Their fall from their high position was usually caused by some flaw in their personality. For example, in the famous tragedy Oedipus, the main character is searching for the murderer of his father. Throughout the play, he receives many warnings to stop his search, but he refuses to listen. At the end of the play, he discovers that he is actually his father's murderer, and his life is destroyed. In this case, the character's tragic flaw is his stubborn attitude. The Greeks watched tragedies because they believed that they took negative emotions such as fear and disgust out of them and left them emotionally clean. This process was called catharsis. 

     Greek comedies were not like the comedies we have today. Greek comedies were not necessarily funny. The basis of a Greek comedy was the opposite of a Greek tragedy, a normal person would enjoy a period of good luck and would rise in status at the end of the play. Greek comedies were less serious than tragedies and were generally used to lighten the mood of the audience after they saw a tragedy.

According to the last paragraph, modifiable risk behaviours contribute to the development of ________.

The word "that" in paragraph 3 refers to ________.

What does disease prevention focus on?

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 43. 

     Health promotion and disease prevention programs focus on keeping people healthy. Health promotion programs aim to engage and empower individuals and communities to choose healthy behaviours and make changes that reduce the risk of developing chronic diseases and other morbidities. Defined by the World Health Organization, health promotion is: "The process enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. It moves beyond a focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions." 

     Disease prevention differs from health promotion because it focuses on specific efforts aimed at reducing the development and severity of chronic diseases and other morbidities. 

     Wellness is related to health promotion and disease prevention. Wellness is described as the attitudes and active decisions made by an individual that contribute to positive health behaviours and outcomes. 

     Health promotion and disease prevention programs often address social determinants of health, which influence modifiable risk behaviours. Social determinants of health are the economic, social, cultural, and political conditions in which people are born, grow, and live that affect health status. Modifiable risk behaviours include, for example, tobacco use, poor eating habits, and lack of physical activity, which contribute to the development of chronic disease. 

(38) _________, our support networks, in times of calamity in particular, can raise our moods and feelings of self-worth and offer helpful strategies for dealing with difficult personal challenges. 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 34 to 38. 

GOOD FRIENDS

     Psychologists have long known that having a set of cherished companions is crucial to mental well-being. A recent study by Australian investigators concluded that our friends even help to (34) _______ our lives. The study concentrated on the social environment, general health, and lifestyle of 1,477 persons older than 70 years. The participants were asked how (35) ________ contact they had with friends, children, relatives and acquaintances. 

     Researchers were surprised to learn that friendships increased life (36) ________ to a far greater extent than frequent contact with children and other relatives. This benefit held true even after these friends had moved away to another city and was independent of factors such as socio-economic status, health, and way of life. According to scientists, the ability to have relationships with people to (37) ________ one is important has a positive effect on physical and mental health. Stress and tendency towards depression are reduced, and behaviours that are damaging to health, such as smoking and drinking, occur less frequently. (38) _________, our support networks, in times of calamity in particular, can raise our moods and feelings of self-worth and offer helpful strategies for dealing with difficult personal challenges. 

Lisa is discussing to Peter about their plan.

- Lisa: "Let's go to the theatre.”

- Peter: “__________. The number of people infected with the coronavirus (COVID-19) is increasing day by day."

Jack and John are talking to each other at the cafeteria.

- Jack: "How often do you go to the English club?”

- John: “_____________.”

I'm not an impulsive person, I don't generally do things on the spur of the moment.

Many young people have objected to contractual marriage, which is decided by the parents of the bride and groom.

Blue is an old hand at such compositions and has never had any trouble with them.

Our house has been on ________ for over two months but we haven't been able to sell it yet.

My brother has just moved to a new flat in the residential area on the ______ of Paris.

Before signing the contract, the client wished to ____________ some enquiries into the matter.

After applying for the job, don't neglect the thank-you note or _________ letter.

________ at home for 4 weeks to keep away coronavirus, they decided to go out to have lunch at an expensive restaurant.

________ here tomorrow, the work will have been finished.

Many exam candidates lose marks simply ___________ they do not read the questions properly.

_________ advice we take from the government, we get through the corona pandemic.

Right now, scientists and medical professionals are giving ________ the best information currently available about corona virus.

She can speak English, __________?

Overeating is a cause of several deadly diseases. Physical inactivity is another cause of several deadly diseases. 

My sister didn't apply for the job in the summer. She now regrets it.

It isn't necessary to book tickets for the flight in advance.

"Don't forget to write the answers on the answer sheet," the teacher said.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.