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Tuyển tập đề thi thử Tiếng Anh cực hay có lời giải (Đề số 6)

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Danh sách câu hỏi

Câu 1:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 1

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Đáp án A. shoulder, phát âm là /oʊ/, còn lại phát âm là /ʊ/

A. shoulder      /'oʊldər/          (n) bờ vai

B. should         /∫ʊd/                nên

C. would          /wʊd/               sẽ (trong quá khứ)

D. could          /kʊd/               có thể (trong quá khứ)


Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 2

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Đáp án B. honest, âm câm, còn lại phát âm là /h/.

A. humor         /'hju:mər/         (n) khiếu hài hước

B. honest         /'ɑ:nɪst/            (adj) thành thật

C. hotel           /hoʊ'tel/           (n) khách sạn

D. hurry          /'hɜ:ri/             (adj/ n/v) mải, vội vã


Câu 3:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 3

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Đáp án B. adult, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai, còn lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.

A. actor          /'æktər/            (n) diễn viên

B. adult           /ə'dʌ1t/            (n) người trưởng thành

C. effort          /'efərt/              (n) nỗ lực

D. area            / 'eriə/              (n) khu vực


Câu 4:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 4

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Đáp án D. characterize, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất, còn lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai.

A. communicate /kə'mju:nɪkeɪt/          (v) giao tiếp

B. industrialize                      /ɪn'dʌstriə1aɪz/          (v) công nghiệp hóa

c. evaluate      /ɪ'væljueɪt/       (v) đánh giá `

D. characterize                      / 'kærəktəraɪz/           (v) điển hình hóa


Câu 5:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 5: (A) When the chemicals (B) inside a cell (C) no longer produce ions, the cell stops (D) to function.

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Đáp án D. to function => functioning

Giải thích:

Stop V_ing: dừng làm việc gì đang diễn ra

Stop to V: dừng lại để làm gì khác

Dịch nghĩa: Khi mà các chất hóa học ở trong một tế bảo không còn tạo ra được ion nữa thì tế bảo sẽ ngừng hoạt động.


Câu 6:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 6: (A) One or the other of the secretaries (B) have to attend the meeting. But (C) both of them are reluctant (D) to do so.

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Đáp án B. have to => has to

Giải thích: Chủ ngữ one or the other of the secretaries (người thư kí này hoặc người kia) là một sự vật riêng lẻ nên ta coi nó như danh từ số ít, động từ cần chia ở ngôi thứ ba số ít là has to.

Dịch nghĩa: Một trong hai thư kí (Thư kí này hoặc thư kí kia) phải tham dự buổi hợp. Nhưng cả hai người họ đều lưỡng lự không muốn.


Câu 7:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 7: (A) The populace was (B) so terrified of the tornado that (C) however town she visited she found (D) villages deserted of inhabitants and livestock.

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Đáp án D. however => whichever

Giải thích:

however + adj: dù có như thế nào

whichever + Noun: dù là cái nào

Ở đây phía sau có town nên ta không dùng however.

Dịch nghĩa: Người dân ở đây quá sợ hãi lốc xoáy đến nỗi mà bất cứ thị trấn nào cô đi qua cô đều thấy các ngôi làng vắng bóng người và vật nuôi.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.


Câu 8:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 8: Research has shown that students, especially those in high schools and  universities, can learn ________ they do from instructions and textbooks.

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Đáp án B

Giải thích: Ở đây so sánh từ chỉ dẫn và học từ sách giáo khoa, học sinh đến học được ngang nhau nên ta dùng cấu trúc so sánh ngang bằng as adj/adv as. Việc học được nhiều hay ít không thể đếm bằng con số một, hai nên không dùng many được mà phải dùng much.

So/ such...that: quá...đến nỗi mà

Dịch nghĩa: Nghiên cứu chỉ ra rằng, học sinh, đặc biệt là học sinh cấp 3 và sinh viên đại học, có thể học cũng như làm nhiều từ những chỉ dẫn và sách giáo khoa.


Câu 9:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 9: ________ research team is an effective way to prepare for class preparation of social studies such as history, geography, literature and economics.

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Đáp án C

Giải thích: Khi V_ing đứng đầu câu thì nó được coi giống như danh từ, có thể làm chủ ngữ. Nếu chọn D thì chủ ngữ sẽ là “những đội nghiên cứu được thành lập” - cũng đúng nghĩa nhưng thiếu mạo từ “a”.

Dịch nghĩa: Việc thành lập các đội nghiên cứu là một cách hiệu quả để chuẩn bị công việc của cả lớp cho những môn học xã hội như lịch sử, địa lý, văn học và kinh tế.


Câu 10:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 10: He will be very upset if you _______ his offer of help.

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Đáp án C

Giải thích:

A. turn from: không có cụm từ này

B. turn somebody against: không chơi với ai nữa

C. turn down: từ chối

D. turn somebody away: không cho ai vào

Dịch nghĩa: Anh ấy sẽ rất bực mình nếu bạn từ chối lời đề nghị giúp đỡ của anh ấy.


Câu 11:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 11: _______ in astronomy, the discovery of Uranus was by accident.

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Đáp án D

Giải thích:

Like something: giống như cái gì

Alike: (adj) giống nhau, alike không đứng trước danh từ

Dịch nghĩa: Giống như những phát hiện khác trong thiên văn học, việc phát hiện ra Uranus là một sự tinh cờ.


Câu 12:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 12: The band is planning to go on _______ in Europe and Asia next year.

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Đáp án A

Giải thích:

A. tour: chuyến du lịch, hoặc chuyến đi diễn

B. travel: chuyến đi chơi, du lịch

C. trip: chuyến đi chơi

D. circuit: mạch

Dịch nghĩa: Ban nhạc đang dự định đi lưu diễn ở châu Âu và châu Á vào năm tới.


Câu 13:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 13: We need ________ actions and interventions of the local authorities to prevent national parks from being destroyed by pollution.

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Đáp án D

Giải thích:

A. excitedly (adv) một cách hứng khởi

B. approximately (adv) xấp xỉ

C. threateningly (adv) một cách đe dọa

D. timer (adj) đúng lúc, đúng thời cơ

Dịch nghĩa: Chúng ta cần những hành động đúng thời điểm và sự can thiệp của chính quyền địa phương để ngăn chặn việc công viên quốc gia bị phá hủy bởi ô sự nhiễm.


Câu 14:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 14: Most countries spend a large portion of their budgets _________ for their citizens.

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Đáp án D

Giải thích: spend time/money V_ing: dành tiền/ thời gian vào việc gì

Dịch nghĩa: Phần lớn các quốc gia chi một khoản ngân sách lớn để cung cấp giáo dục cho người dân.


Câu 15:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 15: Renoir is one of the most popular French impressionist painters _________. His paintings masterpieces all over the world.

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Đáp án D

Giải thích: dùng bị động to be Vpp

Dịch nghĩa: Renoir là một trong những họa sĩ theo trường phải ấn tượng nổi tiếng nhất ở Pháp. Những bức tranh của ông được coi là kiệt tác trên toàn thế giới.


Câu 16:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 16: There will be a cherry blossom festival at the park tomorrow; you _______ spend your day there if you have nothing to do.

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Đáp án C

Giải thích: Đây là câu điều kiện loại I, ta có thể dùng will để chỉ khả năng xảy ra, dùng should để đưa ra gợi ý, lời khuyên, dùng can để diễn tả sự cho phép. Ở đây, việc lễ hội hoa không ảnh hưởng gì đến khả năng đi, nên chỉ chọn được should.

Dịch nghĩa: Ngày mai ở công viên sẽ có lễ hội hoa anh đào, con nên dành thời gian ngày mai ở đó nếu con không bận làm gì.


Câu 17:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 17: Whether it's English __________ mathematics, at Exeter we call our classes Harkness classes and our teachers Harkness teachers.

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Đáp án A

Giải thích: whether A or B: Bất kể là A hay B

Dịch nghiĩa: Bất kể là tiếng Anh hay toán thì ở Exeter, chúng tôi gọi lớp học là lớp Harkness và gọi giáo viên là giáo viên Harkness.


Câu 18:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 18: The article analyzes the impact of the tax base _______ real estate prices and sales.

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Đáp án B

Giải thích: base on (v) dựa trên

Dịch nghĩa: Bài báo phân tích ảnh hưởng của thuế dựa trên giá cả và doanh thu tài sản thừa kế thực tế.


Câu 19:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 19: Sheila Hammond, who was only twenty-three when she was elected as a Member of Parliament, said she owed her success all to the way she had been _______ by her mother, Margaret.

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Đáp án A

Giải thích:

A. bring up: nuôi dạy

B. take after: chăm sóc

C. look for: tìm kiếm

D. catch for - không có nghĩa

owe something to something: cho rằng có … là nhờ …

Dịch nghĩa: Sheila Hammond, người chỉ mới 23 tuổi khi được bầu là thành viên của Quốc hội, nói rằng tất cả thành công của cô ấy là nhờ vào cách mà mẹ của cô ấy, bà Margaret đã nuôi dạy cô.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.


Câu 20:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Question 20: Ken and Tom are high-school students. They meet each other at a gallery but Ken is in a hurry.

Ken: “I've got to go, Tom. So long”
Tom: “So long, Ken. And _______.”

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Đáp án B

Giải thích:

A. be careful: hãy cẩn thận

B. take care: nhớ giữ gìn sức khỏe

C. don’t hurry: đừng vội

D. don’t take it seriously: đừng làm căng quá

so long: tạm biệt

A cũng có vẻ hợp lí nhưng không ai dùng nó để chào tạm biệt trong đối thoại thường ngày cả mà hay sử dụng B hơn.

Dịch nghĩa: Ken và Tom là học sinh trung học. Họ gặp nhau ở triển lãm và Ken đang khá là vội vã.

Ken: Tớ phải đi đây, Tom. Tạm biệt.

Tom: Tạm biệt Ken. Giữ gìn sức khỏe nhé.


Câu 21:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Question 21: - “How about giving me a hand?” – “____________.”

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Đáp án C

Giải thích:

A. I promise: Tôi hứa.

B. No, not yet: Chưa, vẫn chưa.

C. Sure. I’d be glad to help: Chắc chắn rồi. Tôi rất vui lòng giúp đỡ.

D. You’re welcome: Không có gì. (dùng để đáp lại lời cảm ơn)

Khi người khác nhờ giúp thì trong 4 phương án chỉ có C là phù hợp để trả lời đúng trọng tâm câu hỏi.

Dịch nghĩa: Giúp tôi một tay nhé. - Chắc chắn rồi. Tôi rất vui lòng giúp đỡ.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word/phrases SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.


Câu 22:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word/phrases SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 22: The Rev .Dr. Martin Luther King fought to put an end to racial segregation in the United States.

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Đáp án D

Giải thích:

Segregation (n) sự chia cắt

A. integration (n) sự hợp nhất

B. education (n) nền giáo dục

C. torture (n) sự tra tấn

D. separation (n) sự chia cắt

Dịch nghĩa: Vua - Đức cha Martin Luther đã đặt dấu chấm hết cho sự chia cắt chủng tộc ở Hợp chủng quốc Hoa Kỳ.


Câu 23:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word/phrases SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 23: Jim's decided to buy a phonograph even though they are now redundant.

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Đáp án C

Giải thích:

Redundant (adj): thừa thãi

A. old-fashioned: cũ, cổ

B. reproduced (adj) tái bản

C. unnecessary (adj) không cần thiết

D. expensive (adj) đắt đỏ

Dịch nghĩa: Jim quyết định mua một chiếc máy quay đĩa mặc dù ngày nay nó có vẻ thừa thãi, không cần thiết.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.


Câu 24:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

Question 24: There have been significant changes in women's lives since the women's liberation movement.

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Đáp án A

A. unimportant: không quan trọng

B. controlled: được điều khiển

C. political: chính trị

D. disagreeable: không thể đồng ý được

significant: đặc biệt, nổi bật

Dịch nghĩa: Có những thay đổi nổi bật trong cuộc sống người phụ nữ kể từ cuộc cách mạng giành tự do cho nữ giới.


Câu 25:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

Question 25: In 1989, a ban was given on all international trade in ivory.

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Đáp án B

A. destruction: sự phá hủy

B. allowance: sự cho phép

C. exploitation: sự khai thác

D. prohibition: sự ngăn cấm

ban: luật cấm

Dịch nghĩa: Năm 1989, một luật cấm được ban hành về việc buôn bán ngà voi trên toàn thế giới.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.


Câu 26:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 26: Did he mean to hurt her or did that happen accidentally?

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Đáp án A `

Giải thích: do sth on purpose = mean to V: làm gì có chủ đích

Dịch nghĩa: Anh ta có cố tình đánh cô ấy không hay nó chỉ tình cờ thôi?

A. Anh ta có cố tình đánh cô ấy không?

B. Có phải là tai nạn khi anh ta đánh cô ấy không? (Sai thì)

C. Anh ta cố ý đánh cô ấy.

D. Anh ta có cố gắng đánh cô ấy không?


Câu 27:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 27: "Lily has a lot on her mind", Mrs. Baker said.

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Đáp án B

Giải thích: have a lot on one’s mind = be worried about: lo lắng về điều gì

Dịch nghĩa: “Lily đang bận tâm nhiều thứ”, Mrs. Baker nói.

A. Lily không thể quyết định nên làm gì.

B. Lily lo lắng về một vài chuyện.

C. Lily đã từ chối làm một vài việc quan trọng.

D. Lily có một ý nghĩ tuyệt vời.


Câu 28:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 28: Ironically, the new model is nowhere near as reliable as the old one.

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Đáp án D

Giải thích: be nowhere near as + adj + as smb/sth = not be as adj as smb/sth: không hề… như ai/cái gì

Dịch nghĩa: Mỉa mai thay, người mẫu mới không hề đáng tin tưởng như người cũ.

A. Mỉa mai thay, người mẫu cũ tốt hơn nhiều so với người mới (sai nghĩa)

B. Không có cấu trúc: be far + adj + as

C. Sai ngữ pháp:  khi có superior to (tốt hơn) ta không dùng more

D. Mỉa mai thay, người mẫu mới không hề đáng tin tưởng như người cũ.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.


Câu 29:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 29: She tried very hard to pass the driving test. She could hardly pass it.

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Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Cô ấy đã rất cố gắng để thi qua bài thi lái xe. Cô ấy đã không thể đỗ.

A. Mặc dù cô ấy đã không cố gắng để thi qua bài thi lái xe, cô ấy đã có thể đỗ.

B. Mặc dù có thể thi qua bài thi lái xe, cô ấy đã không đỗ.

C. Mặc dù cô ấy đã cố gắng để thi qua bài thi lái xe, cô ấy đã không thể đỗ.

D. Cô ấy đã cố gắng, vì thế cô ấy đã đỗ bài thi lái xe.


Câu 30:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 30: The Prime Minister set up a committee of financial experts. They ere to help him discuss and formulate new policies.

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Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Thủ tướng Chính phủ thành lập một ủy ban gồm các chuyên gia tài chính. Họ giúp ông ta thảo luận và xây dựng các chính sách mới.

A. Thủ tướng Chính phủ, là một chuyên gia tài chính, thiết lập một ủy ban để thảo luận và xây dựng các chính sách mới.

B. Một ủy ban gồm các chuyên gia tài chính được Thủ tướng Chính phủ thành lập để giúp ông ấy thảo luận và xây dựng các chính sách mới.

C. Thủ tướng Chính phủ,  người đã được hỗ trợ bởi các chuyên gia tài chính, thiết lập một ủy ban để thảo luận và xây dựng các chính sách mới.

D. Một ủy ban gồm các chuyên gia tài chính người được trợ giúp bởi Thủ tướng Chính phủ đã thảo luận và xây dựng các chính sách mới.


Câu 31:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that

best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Early writing and Alphabets

When people first began to write, they did not use an alphabet. Instead, they drew small pictures to (31) _______ the objects they were writing about. This was very slow because there was a different picture for every word.

            The Ancient Egyptians had a (32) _______of picture writing that was called hieroglyphics. The meaning of this writing was forgotten for a very long time but in 1799 some scientists (33) _______ a stone near Alexandria, in Egypt. The stone had been there for over a thousand years. It had both Greek and hieroglyphics on it and researchers were finally able to understand what the hieroglyphics meant.

          An alphabet is quite different from picture writing. It (34) _______of letters or symbols that represent a sound and each sound is just part of one word. The Phoenicians, who lived about
3,000 years ago, developed the modern alphabets. It was later improved by the Roman's and this alphabet is now used (35) _______ throughout the world.
Question 31

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

A. notice (v) nhận thấy, để ý thấy

B. show (v) thể hiện

C. appear (v) xuất hiện

D. mark (v) đánh dấu

Giải thích: (dịch nghĩa để chọn) dùng tranh ảnh để thể hiện đồ vật mà họ muốn chứ không thể dùng tranh ảnh để nhận thấy hay đánh dấu được.


Câu 32:

 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that

best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Early writing and Alphabets

When people first began to write, they did not use an alphabet. Instead, they drew small pictures to (31) _______ the objects they were writing about. This was very slow because there was a different picture for every word.

            The Ancient Egyptians had a (32) _______of picture writing that was called hieroglyphics. The meaning of this writing was forgotten for a very long time but in 1799 some scientists (33) _______ a stone near Alexandria, in Egypt. The stone had been there for over a thousand years. It had both Greek and hieroglyphics on it and researchers were finally able to understand what the hieroglyphics meant.

          An alphabet is quite different from picture writing. It (34) _______of letters or symbols that represent a sound and each sound is just part of one word. The Phoenicians, who lived about
3,000 years ago, developed the modern alphabets. It was later improved by the Roman's and this alphabet is now used (35) _______ throughout the world.

Question 32

 

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

A. practice (v, n) thực hành

B. manner (n) cách, kiểu

C. plan (v, n) dự định, kế hoạch

D. system (n) hệ thống

Giải thích: (dịch nghĩa để chọn) a system of picture writing: một hệ thống hình ảnh viết


Câu 33:

Minister discussed and formulated new policies.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that

best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Early writing and Alphabets

When people first began to write, they did not use an alphabet. Instead, they drew small pictures to (31) _______ the objects they were writing about. This was very slow because there was a different picture for every word.

            The Ancient Egyptians had a (32) _______of picture writing that was called hieroglyphics. The meaning of this writing was forgotten for a very long time but in 1799 some scientists (33) _______ a stone near Alexandria, in Egypt. The stone had been there for over a thousand years. It had both Greek and hieroglyphics on it and researchers were finally able to understand what the hieroglyphics meant.

          An alphabet is quite different from picture writing. It (34) _______of letters or symbols that represent a sound and each sound is just part of one word. The Phoenicians, who lived about
3,000 years ago, developed the modern alphabets. It was later improved by the Roman's and this alphabet is now used (35) _______ throughout the world.

Question 33

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

A. discover: phát hiện ra một cái gì đã có, nhưng chưa được biết đến

B. realize: nhận ra (thứ gì trừu tượng)

C. deliver: giao nhận

D. invent: phát minh ra

Giải thích: Các nhà khoa học đã phát hiện ra một tảng đá.


Câu 35:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that

best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Early writing and Alphabets

When people first began to write, they did not use an alphabet. Instead, they drew small pictures to (31) _______ the objects they were writing about. This was very slow because there was a different picture for every word.

            The Ancient Egyptians had a (32) _______of picture writing that was called hieroglyphics. The meaning of this writing was forgotten for a very long time but in 1799 some scientists (33) _______ a stone near Alexandria, in Egypt. The stone had been there for over a thousand years. It had both Greek and hieroglyphics on it and researchers were finally able to understand what the hieroglyphics meant.

          An alphabet is quite different from picture writing. It (34) _______of letters or symbols that represent a sound and each sound is just part of one word. The Phoenicians, who lived about
3,000 years ago, developed the modern alphabets. It was later improved by the Roman's and this alphabet is now used (35) _______ throughout the world.

Question 35

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

A. broadly (adv) chung Chung, rộng to

B. widely (adv) rộng rãi bởi nhiều người, ở nhiều nơi

C. deeply (adv) sâu

D. hugely (adv) cực kì, rất nhiều

Giải thích: Ở đây nói về bảng chữ cái được sử dụng rộng rãi, phổ biến nên widely phù hợp nhất.


Câu 36:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 36: The purpose of the passage is to ________.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Mục đích của bài viế là để _________.

A. giải thích hồ Vostok được phát hiện như thế nào

B. cung cấp những dữ liệu vệ tinh về Nam Cực

C. bàn luận kế hoạch tương lai cho hồ Vostok

D. trình bày một phương diện không thể ngờ tới của địa lý Nam Cực.

Giải thích: Ngay câu mở đầu bài viết đã giới thiệu về một đặc điểm đáng ngạc nhiên của vùng Nam cực. Trong khi đó, phương án A chỉ được nhắc đến trong đoạn 2, phương án B không có, bài văn không đưa ra dữ liệu cụ thể nào cả, phương án C kế hoạch tương lai chỉ được gợi nhắc ở đoạn 3 mà không phải bàn luận, cũng quá chi tiết, không thể hiện được nội dung chính của cả bài như D.


Câu 37:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 37: What is true of Lake Vostok?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Câu nào đúng khi nói về hồ Vostok?

A. Nó hoàn toàn đóng băng

B. Nó là hồ nước mặn

C. Nó nằm dưới một lớp băng dày

D. Nó được làm nóng bởi mặt trời

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1 “a huge freshwater. . . lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. ...The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen . . . waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth’s core”


Câu 38:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 38: Which of the following is closest in meaning to "frigid" in the first paragraph?

Xem đáp án

Đáp ánA

Dịch nghĩa: Đâu là từ gần nghĩa nhất với “frigid” – lạnh giá - ở đoạn 1?

A. rất lạnh                                                             B. không bao giờ thay đổi

C. khá khắc nghiệt                                                  D. hiếm khi được lưu trữ


Câu 39:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 39: All of the following are true about the 1970 survey of Antarctica EXCEPT that it ______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Tất cả những câu sau về cuộc khảo sát Nam cực năm 1970 đều đúng, ngoại trừ nó _______.

A. được tiến hành bởi khi

B. sử dụng sóng radio

C. không đo được kích thước chính xác của hồ

D. được điều khiển bởi một vệ tinh

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 2 “was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves ...penetrated the ice It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake” Các phương án A, B, C đều có, chỉ trừ D.


Câu 40:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 40: It can be interfered from the passage that ice would not be flat if  ________.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn là tảng băng sẽ không phẳng nếu __________.

A. không có hồ                                                      C. hồ không to như thế

C. Nam Cực không lạnh lắm                                  D. sóng radio không được sử dụng

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 2 “satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake” Băng phẳng vì nó trôi nổi trên nước trong hồ, như vậy có thể suy ra không có hồ thì băng không phẳng được.


Câu 41:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 41: The word "microbes" in paragraph 3 could best be replaced by which of the following?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “microbes” - những loài vi sinh vật - ở đoạn 3 có thể thay thế tốt nhất bằng từ nào sau đây?

A. hạt bụi                        B. bong bóng bị chặn lại C. sinh vật nhỏ xíu                                        D. tia sáng


Câu 42:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

A rather surprising geographical feature of Antarctica is that a huge freshwater, one of the world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of ice. Now known as Lake Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warned by geothermal heat from the earth's core. This thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from frigid temperatures (the lowest ever recorded on Earth) on the surface.

The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of water of indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists aware of the tremendous size of the lake; satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.

The discovery of such a huge fresh water lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and in the problems associated with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.

Question 42: The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses _________.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Đoạn văn phía sau có khả năng cao sẽ bàn luận về ___________.

A. những phát hiện khác trên bề mặt Nam cực

B. vấn đề với các thiết bị truyền radar qua vệ tinh

C. các cách để nghiên cứu hồ Vostok mà không làm hư hại đến nó

D. thời tiết khắc nghiệt ở Nam Cực

Giải thích: Ở đoạn 3 đã nói về việc các nhà khoa học đang tìm cách để nghiên cứu mà không gây tổn hại cho hồ, như vậy đoạn 4 có khả năng tiếp tục bản về vấn đề này. Nếu bàn về A, B, D thì không sai nhưng không tạo được mạch liên kết giữa các đoạn và còn hơi lệch vấn đề: đặc điểm địa lý khác lạ ở Nam Cực.


Câu 43:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 43: The word "it" refers to ___________.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “it” nhắc tới ___________.

A. sự tuyệt chủng            B. loài                             C. 99%                    D. môi trường
Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở “When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish” - Khi một loài không còn thích nghi với môi trường đã thay đổi, nó sẽ biến mất. Như vậy, nó ở đây chính là loài động vật đó.


Câu 44:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 44: he word "ultimately" is closest meaning to __________.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “ultimately” - cuối cùng - gần nghĩa nhất với __________.

A. đáng kể   B. không may        C. cuối cùng         D. ngoại trừ


Câu 45:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 45: What does the author say in paragraph 1 regarding most species in Earth's history?

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Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Tác giả nói gì về phần lớn các loài động vật trong lịch sử trái đất ở đoạn l?

A. Chúng gần như không thay đổi gì so với thời xưa.

B. Chúng không còn tồn tại.

C. Chúng đã thích nghi với sự thay đổi sinh thái.

D. Chúng gây ra những thay đổi nhanh chóng đến môi trường.

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở “It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct”.


Câu 46:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 46: The word "demise" is closest in meaning to ________.

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Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “demise” - cái chết - gần nghĩa nhất với _________.

A. thay đổi                      B. sự giúp đỡ                   C. sự hồi phục         D. cái chết


Câu 47:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 47: Why is "plankton" mentioned?

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Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Tại sao “plankton” - sinh vật phù du lại được đề cập?

A. để so sánh giữa những sinh vật sống trên cạn và sinh vật sống dưới biển

B. để chỉ ra rằng một số loài nhất định có thể sẽ không bao giờ tuyệt chủng

C. để chứng minh sự phụ thuộc lẫn nhau của các loài khác nhau

D. để nhấn mạnh sự quan trọng của nguồn thức ăn trong việc hạn chế tuyệt chủng hàng loạt

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở “. . .can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even alfect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction” Tác giả nói về sự tuyệt chủng hàng loạt có thể gây ra bởi thay đổi môi trường sống, và sự phụ thuộc lẫn nhau khiến nó tệ hơn nữa. Sau đó, tác giả nói về việc các sinh vật phù du chết ảnh hưởng đến lượng oxy, rồi ảnh hưởng đến các loài không sống trong đại dương. Đây chính là mối liên hệ giữa các loài.


Câu 48:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 48: According to paragraph 2, evidence from fossils suggests that

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Theo đoạn 2, những hóa thạch cho thấy rằng _____________.

A. tuyệt chủng trên trái đất đang tăng dần.

B. khủng long tuyệt chủng sớm hơn nhiều so với các nhà khoa học đã từng tin tưởng.

C. mới chỉ có một lần tuyệt chủng hàng loạt trong lịch sử trái đất.

D. sự tuyệt chủng xảy ra suốt chiều dài lịch sử trái đất.

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở “The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth”


Câu 49:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question 49: Which of the following can be inferred from the theory of periodic extinction mentioned in paragraph 3?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Từ học thuyết tuyệt chủng chu kì được đề cập ở đoạn 3 có thể suy ra điều gì?

A. rất nhiều nhà khoa học có thể phản đối nó.

B. hầu hết các nhà khoa học tin học thuyết này là đúng.

C. học thuyết này không còn được xem xét một cách nghiêm túc nữa.

D. bằng chứng để ủng hộ học thuyết này đã được tìm ra.

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở “The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth’s orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative”. Vì nó hoàn toàn là suy đoán nên ta có thể suy đoán rằng nó bị nhiều nhà khoa học khác phản đối.


Câu 50:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

It is estimated that over 99 percent of all species that ever existed have become extinct. What causes extinction? When a species is no longer adapted to a changed environment, it may perish. The exact causes of a species' death vary from situation to situation. Rapid ecological change may render an environment hostile to a species. For example, temperatures may change and a species may not be adapted. Food resources may be affected by environmental changes, which will then cause problems for a species requiring these resources. Other species may become better adapted to an environment, resulting in competition and, ultimately, in the death of a species.

The fossil record reveals that extinction has occurred throughout the history of Earth. Recent analyses have also revealed that on some occasions many species became extinct at the same time - a mass extinction. One of the best-known examples of mass extinction occurred 65 million years ago with the demise of dinosaurs and many other forms of life. Perhaps the largest mass extinction was the one that occurred 225 million years ago, when approximately 95 percent of all species died. Mass extinctions can be caused by a relatively rapid change in the environment and can be worsened by the close interrelationship of many species. If, for example, something were to happen to destroy much of the plankton in the oceans, then the oxygen content of Earth would drop, even affect organisms not living in the oceans. Such a change would probably lead to a mass extinction.

One interesting, and controversial, finding is that extinctions during the past 250 million years have tended to be more intense every 26 million years. The periodic extinction might be due to intersection of the earth's orbit with a cloud of comets, but this theory is purely speculative. Some researchers have also speculated that extinction may often be random. That is, certain species may be eliminated and others may survive for no particular reason. A species' survival may have nothing to do with its ability or inability to adapt. If so, some of revolutionary history may reflect a sequence of essentially random events.

Question50: In paragraph 3, the author makes which of the following statements about a species' survival?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Ở đoạn 3, tác giả nói gì về sự tồn tại của một loài?

A. Nó có thể phụ thuộc vào những việc xảy ra tình cờ.

B. Nó không khác nhau nhiều giữa các loài.

C. Nó phản ánh mối liên hệ giữa các loài.

D. Nó liên quan đến điều kiện thiên văn học.


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