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Tuyển tập đề thi thử Tiếng Anh cực hay có lời giải (Đề số 7)

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Danh sách câu hỏi

Câu 1:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to ìndicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 1

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Đáp án A. academic, phát âm là /ə/, còn lại phát âm là /eɪ/.

A. academic /,ækə'demɪk/ (adj) liên quan đến học thuật

B. grade /greɪd/ (n) mức độ, xếp hạng trong một tổ chức

C. behave /bɪ'heɪv/ (v) cư xử

D. examination /ɪg,zæmɪ'neɪn/ (n) kì thi


Câu 2:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to ìndicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 2

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Đáp án B. height, phát âm là /h/, còn lại không phát âm (âm câm).

A. exhaust /ɪg'zɔ:st/ (n) khí thải

B. height /haɪt/ (n) chiều cao

C. honest /'a:nɪst/ (adj) trung thực

D. heir /er/ (n) người thừa kế


Câu 3:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 3

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Đáp án D. pessimist, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất, còn lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai.

A. eradicate /ɪ'rædɪkeɪt/ (v) phá bỏ thứ gì xấu

B. technology /tek'na:lədʒi/ (n) công nghệ

C. incredible /ɪn'kredəbl/ (adj) không thể tin được

D. pessimist /'pesɪmɪst/ (n) người bi quan


Câu 4:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions.

Question 4

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Đáp án C. approval, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai, còn lại rơi vào âm tiét thứ nhất.

A. conical /’ka:nɪkl/ (adj) hình nón

B. sacrifice /'sækrɪfaɪs/ (v) cúng tế

C. approval /ə'pru:vl/ (n) sự đồng ý

D. counterpart /'kaʊntərpa:rt/ (n) vị trí tương đương


Câu 5:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 5: Students (A) are not allowed to handle (B) these chemicals (C) if they are under the supervision (D) of a teacher.

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Đáp án C. if => unless

Giải thích: Dịch nghĩa, hai vế câu mâu thuẫn với nhau.

Dịch nghĩa: Học sinh không được phép sử dụng những chất hóa học này mà không nằm dưới sự giám sát của giáo viên.


Câu 6:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 6: Taking a trip to (A) the foreign country is a (B) good way to practice (C) a second language, but it is (D) too expensive for many people.

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Đáp án A. the => a

Giải thích: Dùng the khi nói về một danh từ đã xác định, người nghe đã biết đó là đối tượng nào. Ở đây, người nói chỉ nói đến một quốc gia bất kì một cách chung chung, không ám chỉ một quốc gia riêng lẻ nào nên không dùng the mà dùng a.

Dịch nghĩa: Đến một đất nước mới là cách rất tốt để luyện tập ngôn ngữ thứ hai, nhưng với nhiều người thì nó khá đắt đỏ.


Câu 7:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Question 7: If you record people (A) spoke a (B) disappearing language, you can (C) keep important information (D) about both the language and its speakers.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A. spoke => speaking

Giải thích: record somebody Ving: ghi lại, thu âm ai làm gì

Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn ghi lại một người nói ngôn ngữ đang dần biến mất thì bạn có thể giữ lại những thông tin quan trọng về cả ngôn ngữ đó và người nói đó.


Câu 8:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 8: Although thunder and lightning are produced at the same time, light waves travel faster _____, so we see the lightening before we hear the thunder.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Giải thích: Khi so sánh, vế sau than phải dùng đúng cấu trúc như về trước (ví dụ He drives faster than I drive/ He is taller than I am), tuy nhiên có thể tránh lặp bằng cách thay động từ bằng trợ động từ tương ứng, to be thì giữ nguyên.

Dịch nghĩa: Mặc dù sấm và chớp được tạo ra cùng một lúc, nhưng sóng ánh sáng đi nhanh hơn sóng âm thanh nên ta nhìn thấy chớp trước khi nghe thấy sấm.


Câu 9:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 9: The young students always wish they ______ able to bring cellphone to schools.

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Đáp án B

Giải thích: Việc học sinh mang điện thoại đến trường là không có thật, ước được mang đến là ước trái với sự thật ở hiện tại, ta dùng wish somebody would V: ước điều gì không có thật ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

Wish somebody would have Vpp: ước điều gì trái với những gì diễn ra ở quá khứ.

Dịch nghĩa: Những học sinh nhỏ luôn ước rằng chúng có thể mang điện thoại di động đến trường.


Câu 10:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 10: There has been an announcement from the Principal that the students will not hear the bell ______ this week as it has broken.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Giải thích:

Hear something Verb: nghe từ đầu đến cuối, hoặc nghe những cái ngắn, nhanh

Hear something V-ing: nghe một đoạn giữa chừng, chỉ một phần rất ngắn của cái gì đó dài.

Vì tiếng chuông kêu là một tiếng ngắn nhanh nên ta dùng hear the bell ring.

Dịch nghĩa: Có thông báo từ Hiệu trưởng là các sinh viên sẽ không nghe thấy chuông kêu trong tuần này vì nó đã hỏng.


Câu 11:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 11: _____ you telling me about the trip, I would have never come and missed so much good experience.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Giải thích: Về sau dùng cấu trúc would have Vpp nên có thể nhận ra câu điều kiện loại III, vế If sẽ là If S had Vpp hoặc đảo ngữ Had S Vpp.

If it had not been for = Had it not been for = If there had not been: nếu không có cái gì

Dịch nghĩa: Nếu không có bạn nói cho tôi về chuyến đi, tôi đã không bao giờ đến và bỏ lỡ quá nhiều trải nghiệm tuyệt vời.


Câu 12:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 12: 500 years ago, the average human ______ was about 40 years.

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Đáp án A

Giải thích:

A. lifespan: tuổi đời trung bình

B. lifetime: suốt đời

C. life cycle: vòng đời

D. life length: chiều dài cuộc đời (ít dùng)

Dịch nghĩa: 500 năm trước, tuổi đời trung bình của một người là khoảng 40.


Câu 13:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 13: Why don’t they ______ their attention on scrutinizing the evidence instead of questioning the passers-by?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích:

A. attract attention: thu hút sự chú ý

B. focus (attention) on something: tập trung sự chú ý vào

C. draw attention to: hướng sự thu hút tới

D. devote attention to something: tập trung vào

Dịch nghĩa: Tại sao họ không tập trung chủ ý vào việc nghiên cứu bằng chứng thay vì hỏi những người qua đường?


Câu 14:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 14: The exquisite antique bottle was carved _____ marble.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích: from + material: từ chất liệu gì

Dịch nghĩa: Các bình cổ tinh xảo này được chạm khắc từ đá cẩm thạch


Câu 15:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 15: Could you stand ______ for me and teach my English class tomorrow morning, John?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích: stand in for: thay thế, đại diện ai

Dịch nghĩa: Bạn có thể thay tôi dạy lớp tiếng Anh vào sáng mai được không, John?


Câu 16:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 16: She has just bought _______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Giải thích: Trật từ tính từ OpSASCOMP (Opinion ý kiến - Size kích cỡ - Age cũ/mới/ tuối - shape

hình dạng - color màu - origin nguồn gốc - material chất liệu - purpose mục đích sử dụng)

Beautiful là từ chỉ cảm nhận của người nói, xếp vào Opinion, brand-new thuộc age, Swiss thuộc Origin.

Dịch nghĩa: Cô ấy vừa mới mua một chiếc đồng hồ đeo tay sản xuất ở Thụy Sĩ mới tinh rất đẹp.


Câu 17:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 17: Art critics and historians alike claim that Van Gogh’s art ______ from that of his contemporaries.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích: về ngữ pháp A và B đều đúng. A có tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ, B có phó từ bổ nghĩa cho tính từ, nhưng B được dùng phổ biến hơn trong khi rất ít người dùng A, Thường thì nói a difference between A and B. C và D sai loại từ.

Dịch nghĩa: Các nhà phê bình nghệ thuật cũng như các nhà sử học khẳng định rằng nghệ thuật của Van Gogh khác biệt đáng kể so với các nghệ sĩ cũng thời.


Câu 18:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 18: “Excuse me. Where is the ______ office of OXFAM located?”

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích: head office: trụ sở chính

Dịch nghĩa: Cho tôi hỏi trụ trở chính của OXFAM đặt ở đầu thế?


Câu 19:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Question 19: Everybody in the house woke up when the burglar alarm ______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích:

A. go out: ra ngoài

B. go off: nổ bom, (đồng hồ, chuông) rung, kêu

C. come about: xảy ra

D. ring off: cúp máy

Dịch nghĩa: Mọi người trong ngôi nhà đó tỉnh giấc khi nghe thấy tiếng chuông chống trộm kêu lên.


Câu 20:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Question 20: Jane: “Are you interested in scuba diving?” Janet: “_____________.”

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích:

A. Rất thích. Cuộc sống dưới đại dương cực bẩn.

B. Rất thích. Cuộc sống dưới đại dương rất thú vị.

C. Không hề. Cuộc sống dưới đại dương rất đắt đỏ.

D. Ồ, bây giờ mọi thứ đã khác rồi.

Câu A không thống nhất nghĩa, nói rất thích lặn và cuộc sống đại dương rất bẩn - không hợp lí.

Câu C: Đúng ra ta dùng Not at all trong trường hợp này, not any chỉ dùng khi câu hỏi hỏi về số lượng

Câu D không liên quan.


Câu 21:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.

Question 21: Tom: “Is your bicycle serviced regularly, Mike?” Mike : “_____________.”

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Giải thích:

A. Ồ. Tôi làm hôm qua rồi.

B. Có. Hai tuần một lần.

C. Ý bạn là sao?

D. Sao bạn dám?

Torn hỏi về mức độ thường xuyên xe đạp của Mike được bảo dưỡng, trong các phương án chỉ có B là nói về tần suất, trả lời đúng câu hỏi.

Dịch nghĩa:

Tom: Xe đạp của bạn có được bảo dưỡng thường xuyên không Mike?

Mike: Ừ. Hai tuần một lần


Câu 22:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word/phrases SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 22: The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), was established in 1946.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

A. set up = establish: thành lập

B. find out: tìm ra

C. run through: bàn bạc qua

D. put away: cất lại chỗ cũ sau khi sử dụng

Dịch nghĩa: Tổ chức giáo dục, khoa học và Văn hóa Liên Hợp Quốc, UNESCO, được thành lập năm 1946.


Câu 23:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word/phrases SIMILAR in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

Question 23: Paris is the ideal place to learn French; it’s a beautiful and hospitable city with Institutions for high quality linguistic teaching.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

A friendly = hospitable: thân thiện

B. natural: tự nhiên

C affectionate: trìu mến

D. noticeable: có thể nhận ra

Dịch nghĩa: Paris là địa điểm lí tưởng nhất để học tiếng Pháp, nó là thành phố rất đẹp và hiếu khách với những viện nghiên cứu chất lượng cao về giảng dạy ngôn ngữ.


Câu 24:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

Question 24: I would be happy to go along with the idea.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A.

Giải thích:

go along with the idea: đồng tình với ý kiến

A. to disagree with the idea: không đồng tình với ý kiến

B. to agree with the idea: đồng tình với ý kiến

C. to support the idea: ủng hộ ý kiến

D. to approve with the ideas: ủng hộ ý kiến

Dịch nghĩa: Tôi rất vui được đồng ý với ý kiến này.


Câu 25:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions.

Question 25: He always bends the truth.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A.

Giải thích: bend the truth: bẻ cong sự thật

A. says something that is completely true: nói hoàn toàn sự thật

B. tells a lie: nói dối

C. doesn’t tell the truth: không nói thật

D. says something that is not completely true: nói điều gì đó không hoàn toàn đúng

Dịch nghĩa: Anh ta luôn luôn bóp méo sự thật.


Câu 26:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 26: “Can I accompany you to the party?”

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Giải thích: (to) accompany someone = (to) go with someone: đi cùng ai, đồng hành với ai

Dịch nghĩa: “Tôi có thể đi cùng bạn đến bữa tiệc không?”

A. Bạn có phiền nếu tôi đưa bạn đến bữa tiệc không?

B. Bạn sẽ cho phép tôi đưa bạn đến bữa tiệc chứ?

C. Tôi có thể là người đồng hành của bạn không?

D. Bạn có phiền nếu tôi đi cùng đến bữa tiệc không?


Câu 27:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 27: James should have been told the news a long time ago.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B.

Dịch nghĩa: James lẽ ra nên được thông báo tin đó từ lâu rồi.

A. James đã không nói ra tin đó từ lâu.

B. James đã không được thông báo tin đó dù đó là điều cần thiết.

C. James không nên được nói về tin đó.

D. James đã không nói tin đó ra từ lâu rồi.


Câu 28:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Question 28: She can’t possibly stay up to finish her homework tonight.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D.

Dịch nghĩa: Cô ấy không thể thức để làm bài tập tối nay.

A. Cô ấy không thế làm bài về nhà tối nay.

B. Cô ấy hoàn toàn có thể thức để làm bài tối nay.

C. Cô ấy không thể thức dậy để làm bài tập tối nay.

D. Cô ấy không thể thức để hoàn thành bài tập về nhà tối nay.


Câu 29:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 29: Mr. Smith is a professor. His car was stolen yesterday.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Ông Smith là giáo sư. Xe ôtô của ông ấy đã bị trộm hôm qua.

A, C, và D sai ngữ pháp mệnh đề quan hệ.


Câu 30:

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

Question 30: The girl didn’t have any friends. Therefore, she felt lonely.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Cô gái không có bạn bè. Do đó, cô ấy đã rất cô đơn.

A. Có rất nhiều bạn, cô ấy thấy cô đơn.

B. Thiếu bạn, cô ấy thấy cô đơn. (Sai động từ, lẽ ra cần chia Depriving)

C. Không có bạn, họ khiến cô gái buồn. (Sai do hai chủ ngữ không thống nhất mà rút gọn mệnh đề được)

D. Không có bạn, cô ấy thấy cô đơn.


Câu 31:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Sponsoring great athletic events

In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.

Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______

Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.

Question 31

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Giải thích:

A. view: xem

B. attend: tham dự

C. remark: chú ý đến

D. witness: chứng kiến


Câu 32:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Sponsoring great athletic events

In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.

Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______

Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.

Question 32

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Giải thích: compete for sth: tranh đầu vì cái gì

A. contest: thi đầu

B. strive: cố gắng

C. compete: thi đấu, chiến đấu

D. struggle: nỗ lực


Câu 33:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Sponsoring great athletic events

In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.

Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______

Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.

Question 33

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B.

Giải thích:

Các đáp án còn lại:

A. set: bộ

B. tournament: giải đấu

C. match: trận đấu

D. round: vòng đấu


Câu 34:

D. Having no friends, the girl felt lonely.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Sponsoring great athletic events

In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.

Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______

Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.

Question 34

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A.

Giải thích: (to) do somebody good: có lợi cho ai


Câu 35:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.

Sponsoring great athletic events

In the 1998 World Cup, sports fans around the world (31) ______ various battles between fierce football rivals but also between the companies that sponsored them.

Nike sponsored Brazil. Adidas sponsored France. While the teams (32) ______ for the biggest prize in football, the two companies tried to win the biggest battle, the battle of the brands as 500 million people from 195 countries turn in to watch the greatest footballers in the world. Afterwards, the sportswear companies’ hope was for people to go out and buy some new kits. Adidas paid $20 million for the privilege of being an official sponsor of the 1998 World Cup and so one might have assumed it would have had the greatest presence at the (33) ______

Sometimes, however, sponsoring doesn’t (34) ______ the company much good. Other times, the sponsors’ advertising campaigns are very original. Nike has claimed that if sponsors really want to support athletes, they can’t turn up only for the photo opportunities and the media events and smile and (35) ______ for the cameras. They have to accept the whole package with its spitting, swearing, sweating and blistering-breaking. They just have to get used to it.

Question 35

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A. pose

Giải thích: (to) pose for the camera: tạo dáng chụp ảnh


Câu 36:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question 36: Which of the following is the main topic of the passage?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Chủ đề chính của bài viết là gì?

A. Ánh sáng lạnh

B. Luciferase

C. Thực vật và động vật nguyên thủy

D. Khi hậu trên trái đất

Giải thích: Ta thấy đoạn văn chủ yếu nói về bioluminescence (sự phát quang sinh học) hay còn gọi là cold light (ánh sáng lạnh)


Câu 37:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question 37: According to the author, why has bioluminescence continued in modern plants and animals?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Theo tác giả, tại sao sự phát quang sinh học lại tiếp diễn đối với thực và động vật hiện đại?

A. Để sinh tồn

B. Để hấp dẫn con mồi

C. Để sản sinh nhiệt

D. Để đốt cháy oxy thừa

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở “. . .but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey” - “nhưng một số loài động thực vật nguyên thủy vẫn tiếp tục sử dụng ánh sáng với những chức năng mới như tìm bạn đời hay hấp dẫn con mồi.”


Câu 38:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question38: The word “primitive” is closest meaning to ______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “primitive” gần nghĩa nhất với _______.

A. rất nhiều tuổi

B. rất lớn

C. rất quan trọng

D. rất phổ biến

Giải thích: be primitive: rất lâu đời, nguyên thủy = very old


Câu 39:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question 39: The word “it” refers to:

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “it” để cập đến

A. một loài cây

B. một loài động vật

C. sự phát quang sinh học

D. sự cháy

Giải thích: Đọc câu đầu bài viết: “Light from a living plant or animal is called biolumines - cence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence. . .” - “Ánh sáng từ một loài động hay thực vật còn sống được gọi là sự phát quang sinh học, hay ánh sáng lạnh, để phân biệt nó với sự cháy...”


Câu 40:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question 40: Where in the passage does the author explain how living light occurs?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Ở đâu trong đoạn văn tác giả giải thích ánh sáng tự nhiên tồn tại như thế nào?

A. Dòng 3-4

B. Dòng 5-7

C. Dòng 8-10

D. Dòng 10-12

Giải thích: Thông tin nằm ở dòng 5-7 đoạn văn: “Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required” - “Ánh sáng sống diễn ra khi luciferin và oxy kết hợp với sự có mặt của luciferase. Trong một số ít trường hợp, phổ biến nhất đối với đom đóm, cần một chất hóa học khác là ATP.”

=> Có thể thấy trong 2 câu này tác giả đã giải thích quá trình hình thành của ánh sáng sống.


Câu 41:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question 41: Bioluminescence is described as all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Sự phát quang sinh học được miêu tả như tất cả những điều sau NGOẠI TRỮ _______.

A. một quá trình hóa học phức tạp

B. một sự thích ứng của những loài động thực vật tiền sử với môi trường

C. một dạng ánh sáng lạnh

D. một chất có độc

Giải thích: Ta thấy các đáp án còn lại đều được nói đến như những đặc tính của sự phát quang sinh học:

A. Đoạn 1: “Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms” - “Mặc dù sự phát quang sinh học là một quá trình tương đối phức tạp, nó có thể được giảm xuống đến những khái niệm đơn giản.”

B. Đoạn cuối: “It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive” - “Người ta đoán rằng hàng triệu năm về trước, toàn bộ sự sống có thể đã phải tạo ra ánh sáng để sinh tồn.”

C. Câu đầu bài viết: “Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light...” - “Ánh sáng từ một loài động vật hay thực vật còn sống được gọi là sự phát quang sinh học, hay ánh sáng lạnh. . .”


Câu 42:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

Light from a living plant or animal is called bioluminescence, or cold light, to distinguish it from incandescence or heat-generating light. Life forms could not produce incandescent light without being burned. Their light is produced in chemicals combining in such a way that little or no measurable heat is produced, and the life forms generating it are unharmed. Although bioluminescence is a relatively complicated process, it can be reduced to simple terms. Living light occurs when luciferin and oxygen combine in the presence of luciferase. In a few cases, fireflies the most common, an additional compound called ATP is required.

The earliest recorded experiments with bioluminescence in the late 1800s are attributed to Raphael Dubois, who extracted a luminous fluid from a clam, observing that it continued to glow in the test tube for several minutes. He named the substance luciferin, which means “the bearer of life”. In further research, Dubois discovered that several chemicals were required for bioluminescence to occur. In his notes, it was recorded that a second important substance, which he called luciferase, was always present. In later study of small, luminous sea creatures, Newton Harley concluded that luciferin was composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which are the building blocks of all living cells. He also proved that there are a variety of luciferin and luciferase, specific to the plants and animals that produce them.

Much remains unknown, but many scientists who are studying bioluminescence now believe that the origin of the phenomenon may be traced to a time when there was no oxygen in the Earth’s atmosphere. When oxygen was gradually introduced to the atmosphere, it was actually poisonous to life forms, plants and animals produced light to use up the oxygen in a gradual but necessary adaptation. It is speculated that millions of years ago, all life may have produced light to survive. As the millennia passed, life forms on Earth became tolerant of, and finally dependent on oxygen, and the adaptation that produced bioluminescence was no longer necessary, but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey.

Question 42: The paragraph following the passage most probably discuss ______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Đoạn văn tiếp theo bài viết có thể nói về

A. sự cháy trong động thực vật tiền sử

B. sự cháy trong động thực vật đương đại

C. sự phát quang sinh học trong động thực vật tiền sử

D. sự phát quang sinh học trong động thực vật đương đại

Giải thích: Câu cuối bài viết: “...but some primitive plants and animals continued to use the light for new functions such as mating or attracting prey” - “nhưng một số loài động thực vật nguyên thủy vẫn tiếp tục sử dụng ánh sáng với những chức năng mới như tìm bạn đời hay hấp dẫn con mồi.”

=> Có thể hiểu đoạn văn tiếp theo sẽ tiếp tục thảo luận về sự phát quang sinh học của những loài sinh vật này trong thời hiện đại.


Câu 43:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 43: What does the passage mainly discuss?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án C

Dịch nghĩa: Bài viết thảo luận chủ yếu về điều gì?

A. máy tính và thời tiết

B. những cơn bão nguy hiểm

C. dự báo thời tiết

D. vệ tinh nhân tạo

Giải thích: Đọc bài ta thấy bài viết chủ yếu thảo luận về việc dự báo thời tiết.


Câu 44:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 44: Why does the author mention the tornado in Edmonton, Canada?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Tại sao tác giả lại đề cập đến vòi rồng ở Edmonton, Canada?

A. Để chỉ ra rằng vòi rồng rất phổ biến trong mùa hè

B. Để cho ví dụ về một cơn bão gây thiệt hại

C. Để giải thích những loại thời tiết khác nhau

D. Để chỉ ra rằng vòi rồng thường xảy ra ở Canada

Giải thích: Ta đọc đoạn 1: “Many of the most damaging and life-threatening types of weather... One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta” - “Rất nhiều trong số những kiểu thời tiết nguy hiểm và đe dọa mạng sống... Một sự kiện như thế, một cơn vòi rồng, đã đánh vào miền Đông Bắc của Edmonton, Alberta”


Câu 45:

 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 45: The word “subtle” is closest in meaning to: ______.

 

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “subtle” gần nghĩa nhất với ______.

A. phức tạp

B. thông thường

C. tưởng tượng ra

D. nhẹ mỏng

Giải thích: (to) be subtle = (to) be complex: phức tạp


Câu 46:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 46: Why does the author state that observations are taken “just once every twelve hours”?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Tại sao tác giả lại khẳng định rằng những quan sát được thực hiện “chi một lần vào mỗi 12 giờ”?

A. Để chỉ ra rằng sự quan sát rất đúng giờ.

B. Để giải thích tại sao sự quan sát có giá trị giới hạn.

C. Để so sánh số liệu từ khinh khí cầu và máy tính.

D. Đế cho ví dụ về sự hợp tác quốc tế.

Giải thích: Trong đoạn 1 có nói rằng: “the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes... In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles” - “số liệu thời tiết sẵn có thường không đủ chi tiết để cho phép máy tính phân biệt những thay đổi thời tiết phức tạp... Ở hầu hết các quốc gia, ví dụ, quan sát từ khinh khí cầu chỉ được thực hiện một lần mỗi 12 giờ đồng hồ ớ những địa điểm bị chia cách bởi hàng trăm dặm”

=> Như vậy có thể hiểu dữ liệu mang lại từ quan sát truyền thống không đủ giá trị để dự báo chính xác.


Câu 47:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 47: The word “they” refers to: ______.

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Từ “they” nói đến

A. khuôn mẫu

B. điều kiện

C. vùng miền

D. sự kiện

Giải thích: Đọc cả câu ta thấy: “conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events” - “những kiểu dự báo truyền thống làm tốt hơn nhiều trong việc dự báo điều kiện thời tiết nói chung ớ những khu vực rộng lớn hơn là chúng có thế làm với dự báo những sự kiện thời tiết địa phương cụ thể.


Câu 48:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 48: Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advance in short-range weather forecasting?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án A

Dịch nghĩa: Cái nào trong những cái sau KHÔNG được nói đến như một tiến bộ trong dự báo thời tiết ngắn hạn?

A. Khinh khí cầu thời tiết

B. Hệ thống ra-da

C. Công cụ tự động hóa

D. Vệ tinh nhân tạo

Giải thích: Ta thấy các đáp án còn lại đầu được để cập như tiến bộ về dự báo thời tiết ngắn ngày:

“Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost.” - “May mắn thay, tiến bộ khoa học và công nghệ đã vượt qua hầu hết những vấn đề này. Hệ thống ra-da, công cụ thời tiết tự động hóa, và vệ tinh nhân tạo đều có khả năng thực hiện những quan sát chi tiết, liên tục trên những khu vực rộng lớn với chi phí thấp.”


Câu 49:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 49:With which of the following statements is the author most likely to agree?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án D

Dịch nghĩa: Với khẳng định nào trong số sau tác giả có thể đồng ý nhất?

A. Vệ tinh giao tiếp có thể dự báo thời tiết khắc nghiệt

B. Những nhà thiên văn học nên chuẩn hóa những chương trình máy tính

C. Cách quan sát thường xuyên không còn có tác dụng

D. Dự báo thời tiết đang trở nên chính xác hơn

Giải thích: Đọc câu cuối của đoạn văn: “As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming reality” - “Khi những nhà thiên văn học bắt đầu sử dụng những công nghệ mới này trong những cơ quan dự báo thời tiết, Nowcasting đang trở thành hiện thực.”

=> Như vậy có thể thấy tác giả có cái nhìn lạc quan về độ chính xác của dự báo thời tiết trong tương lai.


Câu 50:

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

Many of the most damaging and life-threating types of weather-torrential rains, severe thunderstorms, and tornadoes-begin quickly, strike suddenly, and dissipate rapidly, devastating small regions while leaving neighboring areas untouched. One such event, a tornado, struck the northeastern section of Edmonton, Alberta, in July 1987. Total damages from the tornado exceeded $250 million, the highest ever for any Canadian storm. Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short-live local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to discern the subtle atmospheric changes that precede these storms. In most nations, for example, weather balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles. With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.

Until recently, the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible. The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was prohibitively high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were insurmountable. Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems. Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost. Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyzing this large volume of weather information. Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly. As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.

Question 50: Which of the following would best illustrate Nowcasting?

Xem đáp án

Đáp án B

Dịch nghĩa: Câu nào sau đây miêu tả chính xác nhất Nowcasting?

A. Một dự báo thời tiết cho 5 ngày

B. Cảnh báo về một cơn bão nghiêm trọng trên đài

C. Lượng mưa trung bình mỗi tháng

D. Một danh sách nhiệt độ ở những thành phố lớn

Giải thích: Ta thấy tác giả nói về Nowcast: “the observation-intensive approach needed for accurate, very short range forecasts, or “Nowcasts”, was not feasible” - “cách dự báo bằng quan sát cần thiết cho dự báo chính xác, rất ngắn ngày, hay Nowcast, không còn khả thi”

=> Trong các phương án thì B là ngắn ngày nhất.


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